• Saudi Med J · Jun 2024

    Prevalence of CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 serum tumour markers in different regions of Saudi Arabia.

    • Abrar Ashi, Marwan Al-Hajeili, Sarah Almaghrabi, Jaudah Al-Maghrabi, Nora Trabulsi, Shmoukh Alghuraibi, Rawaih Alsiary, and Nuha Alrayes.
    • From the Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences (Ashi, Almaghrabi, Alrayes), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences; from the Regenerative Medicine Unit (Ashi), King Fahd Medical Research Center; from the Center of Innovations in Personalized Medicine (Almaghrabi); from the Department of Medicine (Al-Hajeili); from the Department of Pathology (Al-Maghrabi); from the Department of Surgery (Trabulsi), Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, from King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre (Alsiary), King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, and from the Research and Development Unit (Alghuraibi), Al Borg Medical Laboratories, Al Borg Diagnostics, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
    • Saudi Med J. 2024 Jun 1; 45 (6): 565571565-571.

    ObjectivesTo study the prevalence of tumor marker (TM) carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA 125), and cancer antigen 15-3 (CA 15-3) levels in the Saudi population, based on gender, age, and demographic region, and whether the patients were referred by a hospital or self-referred.MethodsRetrospective analysis was carried out on 7,019 samples gathered from the Western, Northern, Central, Southern, and Eastern regions of Saudi Arabia between 2021-2022. The TMs were categorized into normal and abnormal levels, according to the reference ranges. Statistical analysis was carried out to assess the relations between variants (age groups, gender, and demographic regions) using the Chi-square test, and their correlations were assessed using Spearman's test.ResultsAmong all patients, CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 levels were found to be significantly correlated with age (p=0.0001). The CEA and CA 15-3 levels increased in both males and females with age. The CA 125 was shown to have an abnormally increased level in males with age.ConclusionIncreased levels of CEA, CA 125, and CA 15-3 TMs in the study population were significantly correlated with age. The CEA and CA 15-3 levels were within the normal range, while CA 125 levels were above the normal range in the older male population. These results suggest that the utilization of such TMs is age dependent and would have validity if applied with other parameters.Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal.

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