• Ambreen Zahra, Shazia Naz, Mashal Mazhar, Fatima Saeed, Bilal Ahmed Khalid, and Asdaq Hussain.
• Department of Operative Dentistry, Avicenna Medical and Dental College, Lahore, Pakistan.
• J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2024 Oct 1; 34 (10): 117211751172-1175.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of mustard gel versus chlorhexidine (CHX) gel in treating the most resistant Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) bacteria as intra-canal medications.Study DesignRandomised controlled trial (in vitro study). Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Operative Dentistry, de'Montmorency College of Dentistry, in collaboration with Lahore General Hospital, between March and October 2021.MethodologyForty single-rooted teeth, extracted and randomly allocated, were divided into two groups. Group 1 underwent treatment with CHX gel, while Group 2 was treated with Mustard gel. Subsequently, after disinfection, each tooth was horizontally divided into three equal parts. The middle section was standardised and inoculated with a controlled strain of E. faecalis. Intra-canal medicaments were administered for seven days. Bacterial colonies were quantified as colony forming units (CFU/mL) and subjected to analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.ResultsThe median bacterial count observed was 1,550 (range 775 - 2,500) for Group 1, contrasting with 400 (range 200 - 775) for Group 2, indicating a significant difference in bacterial count between the groups (p <0.001).ConclusionMustard gel demonstrated significantly superior efficacy compared to chlorhexidine gel against E. faecalis in root canal procedures.Key WordsChlorhexidine, Enterococcus faecalis, Mustard, Root canal medicament, Antimicrobial drug-resistance, Root canal irrigants.

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