• Saudi Med J · Dec 2024

    Silent reactivation of Varicella Zoster virus in hemodialysis patients.: A management dilemma.

    • Bandar A Suliman, Hassan T Alhazmi, Hamzah A Alamri, Ahmed A Aljuhani, Mohammed S Younis, Khalid H Mahallawi, Fayez H Alsehli, Ibrahim T Alomani, Bashayer A Almoutairi, Yasser S Asar, Mohammed A Alkhaily, Walaa A Momena, and Waleed H Mahallawi.
    • From the Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences (Suliman, Alhazmi, Alamri, Aljuhani, Younis) and from the Clinical Nutrition Department (Mumena), College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University; from the Health Affairs Department (Mahallawi), Rehabilitation Hospital, Ministry of Health; from the Madinah Regional Blood Bank (Alsehli), from Madinah Regional Laboratory (Alomani, Almoutairi, Asar), from the Madinah Health Cluster (Alkhaily), Ministry of Health, Al Madina Al Munawarah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
    • Saudi Med J. 2024 Dec 1; 45 (12): 139113951391-1395.

    ObjectivesTo determine the seroprevalence of Varicella Zoster virus (VZV) immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgM antibodies among hemodialysis patients (HDP). Additionally, the presence of VZV viral DNA has been investigated for possible reactivation status.MethodsSera from 265 individuals were collected and tested. The study was carried out from November 2023 to February 2024. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was accomplished to determine the VZV IgG and IgM antibody levels. The viral DNA was tested by qPCR.ResultsWe found a significantly higher proportion of Host defense peptides (HDP) have positive antibody levels compared to healthy controls (HC) (92.0% of HDP have positive immune responses compared to 79.1% of HC, p=0.005). Patients with both hypertension and diabetes showed lower VZV seropositivity (25.6%) than those without (74.4%). Only 3 HDP had positive IgG and IgM levels (1.9%, n=3), while 14 patients (100%) had negative IgG and IgM levels. Additionally, all IgM-positive patients appeared to have detectable viral DNA of the VZV.ConclusionIn conclusion, significantly higher VZV seroprevalence and antibody levels in HDP indicate greater viral exposure than HC. Screening of hemodialysis (HD) to VZV serologically or at the molecular level is most important to avoid the consequences of viral reactivation, especially in those with asymptomatic HDP.Copyright: © Saudi Medical Journal.

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