• Nutrition · Nov 2019

    Randomized Controlled Trial

    A randomized, 6-wk trial of a low FODMAP diet in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

    • Giorgia Bodini, Claudia Zanella, Mattia Crespi, Sara Lo Pumo, Maria Giulia Demarzo, Edoardo Savarino, Vincenzo Savarino, and Edoardo G Giannini.
    • Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS per l'Oncologia, Genoa, Italy. Electronic address: giorgia.bodini@unige.it.
    • Nutrition. 2019 Nov 1; 67-68: 110542.

    ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of a low fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides, and polyols (FODMAP) diet (LFD) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).MethodsAn LFD is associated with symptom improvement in patients with functional intestinal disorders, although its safety and efficacy has not been characterized in patients with IBD. Fifty-five patients with IBD in remission or with mild disease activity were randomized to a 6-wk LFD or standard diet (SD). Disease activity (Harvey-Bradshaw index [HBi], partial Mayo score), fecal calprotectin, and disease-specific quality of life (IBD-Q) were assessed at baseline and at the end of dietary intervention.ResultsAfter the 6-wk dietary intervention, median HBi decreased in the LFD (4; IQR, 3-5 versus 3; IQR, 2-3; P = 0.024) but not in the SD (3; IQR, 3-3 versus 3; IQR, 2-4), whereas Mayo scores were numerically decreased in the LFD group and unmodified in the SD group. Median calprotectin decreased in the LFD (76.6 mg/kg; IQR, 50-286.3 versus 50 mg/kg; IQR, 50.6-81; P = 0.004) but not in the SD group (91 mg/kg; IQR, 50.6-143.6 versus 87 mg/kg; IQR, 50-235.6). Lastly, we observed a barely significant increase in median IBD-Q in the LFD group (166; IQR, 139-182 versus 177; IQR, 155-188; P = 0.05) and no modification in the SD group (181; IQR, 153-197 versus 166; IQR, 153-200).ConclusionsA short-term, LFD is safe for patients with IBD, and is associated with an amelioration of fecal inflammatory markers and quality of life even in patients with mainly quiescent disease.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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