African health sciences
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Adherence to oral HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis among female sex workers in Kampala, Uganda.
In Kampala Uganda, female sex workers (FSWs) have high HIV prevalence (33%). Oral PrEP is a novel HIV prevention intervention that offers hope to decrease HIV incidence in key populations especially among FSWs. Studies have shown that with poor adherence, oral PrEP has no efficacy, and therefore adherence to PrEP is critical among FSWs to maximize HIV prevention. However, implementation data on adherence to PrEP among FSWs is limited so this study sought to assess adherence to PrEP. Specifically, we sought to 1) determine the level of adherence to PrEP among FSWs, and 2) determine factors associated with PrEP adherence. ⋯ Barriers to PrEP adherence need to be addressed for successful PrEP implementation to improve adherence going forward. Service care providers should reinforce positive behaviors such as use of condoms devotedly during PrEP breaks.
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Pitfalls and technical errors in the first approach to neonates with anorectal malformations in a non-specialist context: can we do any better? A review from three Eastern African Centres.
In sub-Saharan Africa, Anorectal malformations (ARM) are the most frequent cause of neonatal obstruction. Referral to a Pediatric Surgeon is frequently delayed. The first treatment is often delivered at not specialist level and mismanagement may result. ⋯ Investments on training practitioners, acting at District/Rural level, and closer links with tertiary centres are recommended to avoid ARM mismanagement and delayed referral to a Specialist.
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Relationships of depression and anxiety to readmission rates among patients with diabetes from Harare and Parirenyatwa referral hospitals in Zimbabwe.
The knowledge of determinants of readmission among individuals with diabetes minimises relapse and decreases diabetes associated morbidity and mortality. ⋯ Mental health conditions in people living with diabetes are factors contributing to increased re admissions and are more prevalent with aging. Psychotherapy and education interventions are recommended for the elderly diabetic population.
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Perspectives of skilled birth attendants and pregnant women regarding episiotomy: a quantitative approach.
The World Health Organization recommended less than 10% episiotomy rate for Skilled Birth Attendants (SBAs) and hospitals in 1996. More than two decades afterwards, some health facilities are still grappling with meeting the set target. ⋯ The rate of episiotomy was higher than global recommended standards and primips are disproportionately affected. If organised by professional societies, more scientific conferences on limiting episiotomy might remedy this situation.
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African health sciences · Sep 2021
Knowledge, attitude, and preferred strategies towards HIV/AIDS prevention among adolescents attending secondary schools in South Western Uganda.
Globally, HIV/AIDS continues to rise among adolescents. Ugandan studies have examined knowledge and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS among adult populations. This study specifically paid attention to this particular age group of adolescents 12-19 years. ⋯ The findings showed that most participants had knowledge about HIV and how it can be prevented however few had knowledge gap thinking that HIV does not exist.