Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation
-
Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Jun 2014
Comparative StudyAbility to discriminate between healthy and low back pain sufferers using ultrasound during maximum lumbar extension.
To analyze the ability to discriminate between healthy individuals and individuals with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP) by measuring the relation between patient-reported outcomes and objective clinical outcome measures of the erector spinae (ES) muscles using an ultrasound during maximal isometric lumbar extension. ⋯ The relation between objective variables (electromyography, thickness, pennation angle) and a subjective variable (RMDQ ≥ 6) and the capacity of this relation to identify CNLBP within a group of healthy subjects is moderate. These results should be considered by clinicians when treating this type of patient in clinical practice.
-
Arch Phys Med Rehabil · May 2014
The mediating role of the environment in explaining participation of children and youth with and without disabilities across home, school, and community.
To test the effect of personal and environmental factors on children's participation across 3 different settings (home, school, community); to ascertain the interrelations between these factors; and to propose and test 3 models, 1 for each setting, using structural equation modeling. ⋯ Our findings highlight the unique role of the environment in explaining children's participation across different settings and, therefore, support the development of interventions targeting modifiable environmental factors.
-
Arch Phys Med Rehabil · May 2014
Incremental shuttle walking test: a reproducible and valid test to evaluate exercise tolerance in adults with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.
To analyze the reliability, validity, and determinants of the incremental shuttle walk test (ISWT) in adults with noncystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. ⋯ The ISWT is reliable, represents functional capacity, and induces greater desaturation than cycling. Age, body composition, pulmonary function, dyspnea, and physical activity in daily life are determinants of the distance walked on the ISWT.
-
Arch Phys Med Rehabil · May 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialUpper limb physical function and adverse effects after breast cancer surgery: a prospective 2.5-year follow-up study and preoperative measures.
To examine upper limb physical function and adverse effects after axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) and sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in patients with breast cancer to identify impairments that can inform rehabilitation strategies. ⋯ Adverse effects in both affected and control/unaffected upper limb were observed after 2.5-year follow-up in both ALND and SLNB groups, but a higher prevalence was observed in the ALND group. Thus, women going through ALND surgery may benefit from further postoperative physical therapy, including resistance and strength exercise, focusing on pain management.
-
Arch Phys Med Rehabil · Apr 2014
Review Meta AnalysisPhysical exercise interventions for improving performance-based measures of physical function in community-dwelling, frail older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To conduct a systematic review to determine the efficacy of exercise-based interventions on improving performance-based measures of physical function and markers of physical frailty in community-dwelling, frail older people. ⋯ Exercise has some benefits in frail older people, although uncertainty still exists with regard to which exercise characteristics (type, frequency, duration) are most effective.