European journal of clinical investigation
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Nov 2012
Vitamin D attenuates high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in rats by modulating lipid metabolism.
Vitamin D has been reported to be reversely associated with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome and is involved in modulation of lipid metabolism. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2) D(3) ) has a protective effect on high fat diet (HFD)-induced hepatic steatosis in rats and to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. ⋯ These results suggest that the preventing effect of 1,25(OH)(2) D(3) against HFD-induced hepatic steatosis is related to the inhibition of lipogenesis and the promotion of FA oxidation in rat liver.
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Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a developmental disorder of the hip joint that results in an abnormal socket of the femoral head, ranging from instability, subluxation and complete dislocation of the hip joint. DDH has a considerable genetic component. ⋯ By advanced technologies and international collaboration, we need to find more susceptibility genes and bridge the gap between genetic evidence and molecular mechanisms.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Oct 2012
Hypertriglyceridemic waist, cytokines and hyperglycaemia in Chinese.
Abdominal obesity and hypertriglyceridemia confer high risk for cardiometabolic disease. Few studies have investigated the associations of hypertriglyceridemic waist with cytokines and hyperglycaemia in Chinese. ⋯ Hypertriglyceridemic waist is associated with a worse profile of inflammatory factors and adipokines as well as with an increased risk of having hyperglycaemia among Chinese.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Sep 2012
ReviewDevelopmental Therapeutics Consortium report on study design effects on trial outcomes in chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have dramatically changed the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Results from ongoing phase 3 trials with nilotinib [Efficacy and Safety in Clinical Trials-Newly Diagnosed Patients (ENESTnd)] and dasatinib [Dasatinib Versus Imatinib Study in Treatment-Naive CML-CP Patients (DASISION)] in newly diagnosed patients with CML in chronic phase have demonstrated that these TKIs resulted in significant improvements in responses vs. imatinib. ⋯ Despite potential bias from differences in patient populations and study design, indirect cross-trial comparisons to determine the relative effectiveness of these agents will be performed by physicians. This DTC report provides a comprehensive summary of the study designs, protocols and results of the ENESTnd and DASISION trials, which will assist physicians in making informed decisions on the best treatment approach for their patients.
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Eur. J. Clin. Invest. · Sep 2012
ReviewImmunological pathways in virus-induced COPD exacerbations: a role for IL-15.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by high levels of antiviral type 1 cytokine interferon-γ and activated CD8(+) T cells. COPD exacerbations are the major cause of morbidity and mortality, have a prolonged and intense effect on quality of life and may result in accelerated loss of lung function. Respiratory virus infections, frequently within a state of colonization by bacteria, are the major cause of COPD exacerbations, and there is also evidence of virus latency in 'stable' disease, suggesting that latent infection might be a cause of chronic inflammation in COPD. ⋯ Interleukin-15 could play a major role in the airway inflammation in COPD directly, via its own receptors, by amplifying the type 1 immune responses and decreasing apoptosis or indirectly, via modulating molecules associated with cytotoxic activity of natural killer and CD8(+) T cells, such as major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A and B.