Medicine
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Although previous epidemiological studies have investigated the correlation between hypothyroidism and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), the results are controversial and conflicting. Therefore, we used a bidirectional 2-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach to infer the causal relationship between hypothyroidism and OSA. We performed a bidirectional 2-sample MR analysis to infer the causal relationship between hypothyroidism and OSA using genome-wide association study (GWAS) data. ⋯ Furthermore, sensitivity analysis further confirmed the robust results. Our bidirectional 2-sample MR analysis revealed that hypothyroidism could increase the risk of developing OSA but did not provide evidence to support a causal relationship of OSA on hypothyroidism. Thus, patients with hypothyroidism should strengthen their sleep quality monitoring, and further research is needed to understand the role of hypothyroidism effects on OSA.
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Observational Study
The effect of body mass index on bone density by age distribution in women.
Osteoporosis significantly affects public health, especially among postmenopausal women, by reducing bone mass and increasing the risk of fractures. While the influence of body mass index (BMI) on Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is acknowledged, the specific age range in which BMI most significantly affects bone density remains unclear. This study aims to explore the relationship between BMI and BMD in different age groups to identify potential age-specific risk factors for osteoporosis. ⋯ BMI, along with body weight and age, are important determinants of BMD, but not the sole factors influencing bone loss. The study highlights the need for a personalized approach to osteoporosis risk, considering a broader spectrum of genetic, hormonal and lifestyle factors. It recommends further evaluation of other risk factors in larger cohorts and emphasizes the importance of future longitudinal research to elucidate the dynamic relationship between BMI and BMD over time.
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As a novel cell death form, cuproptosis results from copper combining with lipidated proteins in the tricarboxylic acid cycle. To the best of our knowledge no study has yet comprehensively analyzed the relationship between cuproptosis-related genes and breast cancer. ⋯ This study comprehensively investigated relationships between cuproptosis and breast cancer by bioinformatic analyses. We found that cuproptosis-related genes were generally lowly expressed in breast carcinoma tissue. As the critical gene of cuproptosis, high expression of FDX1 was related to favorable prognoses in breast cancer patients; thus, it might be a potential prognostic marker. Moreover, genes associated with cuproptosis were linked to immune infiltration in breast cancer and this relationship affected the prognosis of breast cancer.
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Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is a commonly used fumigant in agriculture and grain preservation because of its high potency and low cost. Due to the absence of a specific antidote and promising treatment modality, poisoning with this substance is deadly. Amid multiple studies in different parts of the world, each exploring options like lavage, inotropes, antioxidants, etc, we conducted a systematic review to find the possible role of exogenous insulin in treating symptomatic cases of AlP poisoning. ⋯ Our review found that the use of exogenous insulin in AlP poisoning reduced mortality rates, which was consistent across all studies. With available knowledge, its inclusion as a part of therapy might be beneficial in AlP poisoning, but to put it forward confidently, we still need high-quality randomized control trials. It is indeed a subject of interest for future research.
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Observational Study
Transcranial Doppler ultrasound in evaluating cerebral blood flow abnormalities in major depressive disorder.
Previous research has shown that blood flow abnormalities affect major depressive disorder (MDD) from multiple perspectives. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between middle cerebral artery (MCA) blood flow velocity parameters and clinical symptom scores (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale [HAMD] and Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS]) in patients with MDD. We compared the MCA blood flow velocity parameters, including peak systolic velocity (MCA-PSV), end-diastolic velocity (MCA-EDV), and mean velocity (MCA-MV), between 50 MDD patients and 50 control subjects. ⋯ Furthermore, regression analysis confirmed the negative relationship between blood flow velocity parameters and clinical symptom scores. The results of this study suggest that the reduction in cerebral blood flow velocity in MDD patients may be associated with the severity of depressive symptoms. This finding provides new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD and offers a potential theoretical basis for developing depression treatment strategies based on cerebral blood flow velocity parameters.