The Veterinary clinics of North America. Small animal practice
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Jul 2013
ReviewFluid therapy for the emergent small animal patient: crystalloids, colloids, and albumin products.
Fluid therapy is essential in the treatment of emergent veterinary patients. Many different types of intravenous fluids are available, including crystalloids, artificial colloids, and natural colloids. The type, dose, and administration rate can determine the outcome in a critically ill patient. This article discusses the various types of fluids and their indication for use.
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Jul 2013
ReviewUpdates in small animal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
For dogs and cats that experience cardiopulmonary arrest, rates of survival to discharge are 6% to 7%, as compared with survival rates of 20% for people. The introduction of standardized cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines and training in human medicine has led to substantial improvements in outcome. The Reassessment Campaign on Veterinary Resuscitation initiative recently completed an exhaustive literature review and generated a set of evidence-based, consensus cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines in 5 domains: preparedness and prevention, basic life support, advanced life support, monitoring, and postcardiac arrest care. This article reviews some of the most important of these new guidelines.
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Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract. · Jul 2013
ReviewUpdates in the management of the small animal patient with neurologic trauma.
Neurologic trauma, encompassing traumatic brain injury (TBI) and acute spinal cord injury (SCI), is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality in veterinary patients. Acute SCIs occurring secondary to trauma are also common. Essential to the management of TBI and SCI is a thorough understanding of the pathophysiology of the primary and secondary injury that occurs following trauma. This article reviews the pathophysiology of this primary and secondary injury, as well as recommendations regarding clinical assessment, diagnostics, pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic therapy, and prognosis.