Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Heart failure and cardiomyopathy mortality trends and disparities among obese populations: A 20-year United States study.
Our study aimed to assess the heart failure/cardiomyopathy-related population-level mortality trends among patients with obesity in the United States and disparities across demographics. ⋯ Heart failure/cardiomyopathy mortality in individuals with comorbid obesity was rising. Males, African Americans, and individuals from rural regions had higher AAMR than their counterparts.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Comparative effectiveness of high-efficacy and moderate efficacy disease-modifying agents in reducing the annualized relapse rates among multiple sclerosis patients in the United States.
The optimal treatment strategy for the management of multiple sclerosis is widely discussed due to the increasing availability of high-efficacy disease-modifying agents (heDMAs). This study evaluated the comparative effectiveness of heDMA and moderate-efficacy disease-modifying agents (meDMAs) use in reducing annualized relapse rate (ARR) among multiple sclerosis patients. ⋯ The study found that sex moderated the effect of heDMAs, with male multiple sclerosis patients using heDMAs associated with a 26 % decreased risk of relapse than those with meDMAs. However, there was no difference in comparative effectiveness for females.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Sex-specific associations of cigarettes and E-cigarettes use with self-reported premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease among adults aged 18-54 in the United States.
Premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is increasing in young adults (<55 years old). While research suggests females who smoke cigarettes have a higher risk of ASCVD than males, studies on the impact of exclusive e-cigarette and dual use on premature ASCVD are limited. This study investigated the association between tobacco use and self-reported premature ASCVD and explored potential sex differences. ⋯ Both sexes showed higher odds of self-reported premature ASCVD for dual and exclusive cigarette use. Although the cross-sectional design precludes causal inferences, the findings suggest comprehensive tobacco cessation programs tailored to diverse use patterns are needed to reduce the burden of premature ASCVD.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Clearing the air: Heightened perception of harm from secondhand cannabis smoke exposure is associated with no in-home cannabis smoking in a 21-country convenience sample.
As countries adopt more lenient cannabis use policies, perception of harm from secondhand cannabis smoke (SHCS) exposure is decreasing and most cannabis smoking is taking place at home. We quantified the relationship of reported in-home cannabis smoking with perceived harm from SHCS exposure. ⋯ Respondents who perceived SHCS as harmful were less likely to report in-home cannabis smoking. If this association subsequently proves causal, increasing awareness of the harms associated with SHCS exposure could substantially reduce residential cannabis secondhand smoke exposure.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2024
Association of vaping with respiratory symptoms in U.S. young adults: Nicotine, cannabis, and dual vaping.
Although studies have found nicotine and cannabis vaping to be individually associated with respiratory symptoms, little is known about the harm of dual vaping. We aim to assess the association of nicotine-only, cannabis-only, and dual vaping with respiratory symptoms. ⋯ Nicotine-only and cannabis-only vaping were associated with two respiratory symptoms while dual vaping with four. The elevated respiratory risk of dual vaping warrants future research on the underlying mechanisms of different vaping behaviors and respiratory outcomes.