Preventive medicine
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To investigate the longitudinal associations between active commuting (walking and cycling to work) and body mass index (BMI). ⋯ This work provides further evidence of the contribution of active commuting, particularly cycling, to preventing weight gain or facilitating weight loss. The findings may be valuable for employees choosing how to commute and engaging employers in the promotion of active travel.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2016
Serum uric acid as a predictor of future hypertension: Stratified analysis based on body mass index and age.
Serum uric acid level is a predictor of future hypertension. However, its dependence on body mass index or age is unclear. ⋯ High serum uric acid level was associated with future hypertension in young and middle-aged Japanese males. This association was stronger among subjects ≥40years old.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2016
Importance of taste, nutrition, cost and convenience in relation to diet quality: Evidence of nutrition resilience among US adults using National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010.
Concerns with taste, nutrition, cost, and convenience are said to be key influences on food choices. This study examined the importance of food-related attitudes in relation to diet quality using US national level data. Interactions by socioeconomic status (SES), gender and race/ethnicity were tested. ⋯ Those who prioritized nutrition during food shopping had higher-quality diets regardless of gender, education and income in the US. Certain racial/ethnic groups managed to eat healthy despite attaching importance to cost and convenience. This is the first evidence of nutrition resilience among US adults using national data, which has huge implications for nutrition interventions.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2016
State of transition: Marijuana use among young adults in the San Francisco Bay Area.
California may vote on marijuana legalization in 2016. Young adults have the highest rates of marijuana use, but little is known about the correlates of use in this age group, including factors that may be affected by policy change. We investigated whether there are differences in marijuana use by sociodemographic characteristics, psychological distress, loneliness and social support, controlling for risk factors such as alcohol and cigarette use as well as perceived harm of marijuana. ⋯ Legalization policies should include public education campaigns addressing potential harms of marijuana use particularly targeting multiracial young adults who also engage in other risk behaviors, such as cigarette smoking and binge drinking.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of a smoking cessation intervention for women in subsidized neighborhoods: A randomized controlled trial.
To evaluate the effectiveness of a community based participatory research (CBPR) developed, multi-level smoking cessation intervention among women in subsidized housing neighborhoods in the Southeastern US. ⋯ This CBPR developed intervention showed potential to engage smokers and reduce smoking among women in these high-poverty neighborhoods. Effectiveness in promoting cessation in communities burdened with fiscal, environmental and social inequities remains a public health priority.