Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2006
Smoking predicts long-term mortality in stroke: The European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk prospective population study.
: While the relationship between risk factors and stroke is well established, there is less information about the risk factors and survival after stroke. We examined the independent association between cardiovascular and modifiable lifestyle risk factors and subsequent mortality in people with stroke. ⋯ : Our findings may provide further empirical encouragement for smoking cessation after stroke.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2005
The effect of multicolor playground markings on children's physical activity level during recess.
British children do not meet daily physical activity recommendations, and as yet no sustainable intervention has been reported to address their sedentary lifestyle. The purpose of this investigation was twofold: First, to examine whether painting playgrounds with multicolored markings would increase the percent of recess time spent in moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) in girls and boys and second to quantify the contribution recess makes to national recommendations for young people's physical activity. ⋯ Multicolor playground markings can be a low-cost method of increasing children's daily physical activity levels in the short term. If these increases were sustained, then school playgrounds with multicolor markings would make a valuable contribution to physical activity recommendations for young people.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2005
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of a weight maintenance program with or without exercise on the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial in obese men.
Weight maintenance (WM) after weight reduction (WR) is difficult, but increased physical activity may help. We studied whether adding exercise to diet counseling decreases the occurrence of the metabolic syndrome (MBO). ⋯ Adding structured exercise to diet counseling did not alleviate MBO better than diet only. However, the occurrence of MBO was reduced in all groups at the end.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2005
Precision and accuracy of an ankle-worn accelerometer-based pedometer in step counting and energy expenditure.
Walking is a widely used approach to increase physical activity levels in obese patients. In this paper, we investigate the precision and accuracy of an ankle-worn dual-axis accelerometer (Stepwatch) and investigate its potential application as a predictor of energy expenditure. ⋯ The counts from the Stepwatch were virtually identical to the manual counts from a trained investigator and provided a reliable predictor of walking energy expenditure.
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2005
Poverty is a predictor of non-communicable disease among adults in Peruvian cities.
Rapid health and nutrition transitional changes are resulting in greater prominence of non-communicable disease (NCD) in Latin America, particularly among the poor. ⋯ The high prevalence of NCD in urban areas of Peru is not only associated with excess body weight, but also with poverty itself. The greater burden of NCD in the poorest areas of society requires a better understanding of causal determinants and may have implications in terms of public health policies and interventions.