Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2005
Frequency of attendance at religious services and cigarette smoking in American women and men: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Data are lacking from representative samples of total populations and Hispanic Americans on the association of cigarette smoking and religiousness/spirituality, a protective factor for mortality, and on the validity of self-reported smoking data for religious research. ⋯ Greater frequency of attendance at religious services was associated with lower smoking prevalence by self-report or serum cotinine in a national, multi-ethnic sample.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2005
Inequalities in influenza vaccine uptake among people aged over 74 years in Britain.
In the UK, payments to providers (General Practitioners) for vaccinating all people aged over 64 years old against influenza commenced in 2000. Little information exists on the relationship between uptake and need. We assessed factors influencing uptake and equity in uptake in over 74 year olds. ⋯ Lower uptake in practices in deprived areas supports targeting of resources. At the individual level, those who are more isolated require support to access influenza vaccination.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe pediatric residency training on tobacco project: baseline findings from the patient tobacco survey.
Few pediatricians address tobacco in the patients they treat, and pediatric residency training programs are not preparing them to meet the tobacco challenge. The Pediatric Residency Training on Tobacco Project is a 4-year randomized prospective study of the effectiveness of training pediatric residents to intervene on tobacco in patients and parents. In the present report, we present findings from the Baseline Patient Tobacco Survey. ⋯ The findings from the Baseline Patient Tobacco Survey describe the characteristics of the population under study, indicate that the two experimental groups were similar at the start of the program, and underscore the need to prepare pediatric residents to address tobacco.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe pediatric resident training on tobacco project: baseline findings from the Parent/Guardian Tobacco Survey.
Pediatricians have an important and unique role to play in the anti-tobacco arena. They may prevent relapse to smoking in women who stopped smoking during pregnancy, encourage parents to protect infants and young children from environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), prevent the onset of smoking in children and adolescents, and help patients and parents who smoke or use other forms of tobacco to quit. Unfortunately, few pediatricians intervene on tobacco use or ETS, and few pediatric residency training programs prepare residents to address tobacco. The Pediatric Residency Training on Tobacco Project is a 4-year randomized prospective study of the effectiveness of training pediatric residents to intervene on tobacco in patients and parents. In this paper, we present findings from the Baseline Parent/Guardian Tobacco Survey. ⋯ Parents of children brought to Continuity Clinic may benefit from advice and assistance on quitting cigarette smoking and protecting their children from ETS. While pediatric residents offer advice and encouragement, few provide the assistance parents require. These findings underscore the importance of training pediatric residents to address tobacco with the parents/guardians of the patients they serve.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialIncreasing smoking cessation care in a preoperative clinic: a randomized controlled trial.
Evidence suggests that preoperative clinics, like other hospital outpatient clinics and inpatient wards, fail to systematically provide smoking cessation care to patients having planned surgery. ⋯ A multifaceted clinical practice change intervention may be effective in improving the delivery of smoking cessation care to preoperative surgical patients.