Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Temporal trends and geographic variations in mortality rates from tobacco and firearms in the United States.
We explored temporal trends and geographic variations in United States of America (US) mortality rates from smoking and firearms from 1999 to 2019. To do so, we used the publicly available Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Wide Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (WONDER) with Multiple Cause of Death files from 1999 to 2019. Using age-specific rates and ArcGIS Pro Advanced software for Optimized Hot Spot Analyses from Esri, we generated maps of statistically significant spatial clusters with 90-99% confidence intervals with the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic for mortality from smoking-related causes and firearms. ⋯ The trends suggest smoking and firearm-related causes pose particular challenges to the Southeast and firearms also to the West and Alaska. These data may aid clinicians and public health authorities to implement evidence-based smoking avoidance and cessation programs as well as address firearm mortality, with particular attention to the areas of highest risks. As has been the case with cigarettes, individual behavior changes as well as societal changes are likely to be needed to achieve decreases in premature mortality.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Application of blood purification based on a new type of nanofiber membrane in critically ill patients and comparative analysis of its nursing methods.
Blood purification technology is one of the main treatment methods to prolong the life of severe patients. The traditional blood purification membrane materials have the disadvantages of non-selective adsorption, single pore size and low permeability, and need to develop new and efficient blood purification membrane materials. To explore the application of a new type of nanofiber membrane in blood purification of critically ill patients and compare and analyze its nursing methods. ⋯ The physiological and biochemical indexes of both groups tend to be normal, but the experimental group is more obvious. The patients in the experimental group were more satisfied with the nursing services provided in the process. The new blood purification method of nanofiber membrane can overcome the shortcomings of traditional purification and remove toxic small and medium-sized molecules to the maximum extent.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Association between long working hours and cigarette smoking, leisure-time physical activity, and risky alcohol use: Findings from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2014-2021).
Long working hours cause adverse health outcomes; however, the precise mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unknown. We examined the association between long working hours and health behaviors, as well as gender differences in this association. ⋯ Our findings emphasize the need for policy interventions aimed at reducing excessive working hours and fostering healthy lifestyle behaviors among individuals engaged in long working hours.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Walking more, not faster, is associated with bone health in China of community-dwelling older women:A cross-sectional study.
To examine the association between daily steps and step intensity with bone health in Chinese community-dwelling older women. ⋯ Increasing the number of daily steps or the duration of walking, whether fast or slow, may benefit the bone health of older women.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2023
Dynamics of colorectal cancer screening in low and middle-income countries: A modeling analysis from Thailand.
Low and middle-income countries face constraints for early colorectal cancer (CRC) detection, including restricted access to care and low colonoscopy capacity. Considering these constraints, we studied strategies for increasing access to early CRC detection and reducing CRC progression and mortality rates in Thailand. ⋯ Until colonoscopy capacity increases, enhanced screening and symptom evaluation are needed simultaneously to curb CRC deaths, albeit not the best strategy for CRC progression prevention.