Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · May 2014
Depression subtypes in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease.
The association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and depression provides a unique opportunity to understand the relation between systemic inflammation and depressive symptom profiles. ⋯ Evidence was found for 3 depression profiles in youth with IBD and depression. Our analyses determined that patients with predominantly somatic or cognitive symptoms of depression comprised 25% of our cohort. These findings may be used to design subgroup-specific interventions for depression in adolescents with IBD and other physical illnesses associated with systemic inflammation.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Apr 2014
Observational StudyEEG abnormalities are associated with increased risk of transplant or poor outcome in children with acute liver failure.
There are limited data on the incidence of seizures and utility of brain imaging and electroencephalogram (EEG) to predict outcome of children with acute liver failure (ALF). We investigated the association between hepatic encephalopathy (HE) scores, abnormal EEG or neuroimaging, and short-term outcome. ⋯ Children with a moderate or severe abnormality of EEG background on admission were significantly more likely to require LT or to die. Children with an HE score ≤ 2, and a normal or only mildly abnormal EEG, were significantly more likely to survive without needing LT. These findings are an initial step toward distinguishing patients with ALF who may recover spontaneously from those who will require LT.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Apr 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyGrowth and fatty acid profiles of VLBW infants receiving a multicomponent lipid emulsion from birth.
Very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) infants are dependent on parenteral nutrition after birth. A parenteral lipid emulsion with a multicomponent composition may improve growth and neurodevelopment and may prevent liver injury, which is often observed in association with long-term parenteral nutrition with pure soybean oil. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a multicomponent lipid emulsion containing 30% soybean oil, 30% medium-chain triacylglycerol, 25% olive oil, and 15% fish oil compared with a conventional pure soybean oil emulsion in VLBW infants. ⋯ The multicomponent lipid emulsion was well tolerated and associated with improved growth and higher plasma fatty acid profiles in VLBW infants in comparison with the pure soybean oil emulsion.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Mar 2014
Multicenter Study Clinical TrialLubiprostone for the treatment of functional constipation in children.
Pediatric functional constipation is common; effective, easily administered treatment options are limited. Lubiprostone is an oral chloride channel protein-2 activator that stimulates gastrointestinal fluid secretion, softens stools, and facilitates bowel movements (BMs). We evaluated the safety and effectiveness of lubiprostone in children and adolescents with functional constipation. ⋯ Lubiprostone was efficacious and well tolerated in children and adolescents with functional constipation.
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J. Pediatr. Gastroenterol. Nutr. · Mar 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialDietary fiber mixture in pediatric patients with controlled chronic constipation.
The aim of the study was to test the clinical efficacy and effect on colonic transit time (CTT) of a dietary fiber mixture given to children with controlled chronic constipation (CC) after the withdrawal of stool softeners and enemas. ⋯ The fiber mixture did not prevent the suspension of stool softeners or lead to reduced CTT; however, the mixture promoted an increased frequency of defecation and an improvement in the stool consistency.