Strahlentherapie und Onkologie : Organ der Deutschen Röntgengesellschaft ... [et al]
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The purpose of this sequential intervention study was to determine the rate of local recurrences and the rate of distant metastases in patients with invasive breast cancer who had been treated with breast-conserving surgery and postoperative radiation therapy to the whole breast either with postoperative electron boost in group 1 or with intraoperative electron boost (IORT) in group 2. ⋯ Immediate IORT boost yielded excellent local control figures in this prospective investigation and appears to be superior to conventional postoperative boost in a short-term follow-up.
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There has been little information regarding lymph node-positive breast cancer patients with extracapsular extension (ECE). The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of ECE in predicting survival and relapse rates. ⋯ Isolated axillary nodal failure remains low in lymph node-positive patients with ECE. Balancing the risks and benefits of irradiation, we continue to recommend that complete axillary irradiation is not routinely indicated after adequate axillary dissection.
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In elderly patients, patients with multiple morbidities, and patients with a reduced general condition, the standard treatment of inoperable non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) consists of either chemotherapy or radiation therapy alone and is associated with an extremely poor prognosis. We therefore investigated the feasibility, toxicity, and efficacy of radiotherapy with concurrent chemotherapy using vinorelbine plus cisplatin or carboplatin in NSCLC patients at risk for treatment complications. ⋯ Conventionally fractionated radiochemotherapy with vinorelbine plus a platinum derivative is feasible in patients with NSCLC and increased risk of treatment complications. Compared to patient populations described in the literature, the survival rates achieved by concurrent radiochemotherapy appear to be better than those achieved with radiotherapy alone.
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Comparative Study
Effects of radiation treatment planning and patient fixation on the results of postoperative radiotherapy of childhood medulloblastoma.
To assess the prognostic factors and the benefit of introducing head fixation and CT-assisted radiation treatment planning following postoperative radiotherapy in 83 children with medulloblastoma. ⋯ Metastatic disease appears to be correlated with a worse prognosis in this analysis. Individual radiation treatment planning and head fixation have a positive impact on survival. For postoperative radiotherapy of the posterior fossa, the application of head fixation and individual CT-based radiation treatment planning is considered indispensable in each case.
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Comparative Study
Preoperative irradiation for prevention of heterotopic ossification following prosthetic total hip replacement results of a prospective study in 462 hips.
The effectiveness of pre- or postoperative radiotherapy for prevention of heterotopic ossification (HO) following total hip replacement (THR) has already been demonstrated in the past. Thereby, in most studies using preoperative radiotherapy patients were irradiated < 6 h before surgery. The purpose of this prospective study was to analyze the effectiveness of preoperative irradiation on the evening before surgery and to identify risk factors for HO in a homogeneous collective of patients. ⋯ Preoperative radiotherapy on the evening before surgery is an effective treatment modality to reduce overall (Brooker 1-4) and clinically relevant, severe HOs (Brooker 3-4), and includes several advantages compared to postoperative irradiation. Previous ipsi- and contralateral HOs were identified as high risk factors for HO in this study. In patients with these risk factors, the incidence of HO increased.