Hematology/oncology clinics of North America
-
The integration of artificial intelligence in the radiation oncologist's workflow has multiple applications and significant potential. From the initial patient encounter, artificial intelligence may aid in pretreatment disease outcome and toxicity prediction. ⋯ Artificial intelligence may also optimize the quality assurance process and support a higher level of safety, quality, and efficiency of care. This article describes components of the radiation consultation, planning, and treatment process and how the thoughtful integration of artificial intelligence may improve shared decision making, planning efficiency, planning quality, patient safety, and patient outcomes.
-
Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am. · Oct 2019
ReviewImpact of Novel Monoclonal Antibody Therapeutics on Blood Bank Pretransfusion Testing.
Novel monoclonal antibody therapies are increasing in number and clinical significance as their role in oncologic formularies expands. Anti-CD38 and anti-CD47/SIRPα agents commonly interfere with pretransfusion compatibility testing. ⋯ Modifications to pretransfusion testing can limit interference by anti-CD47 agents. Rapid dissemination of knowledge of these monoclonal antibody agents to the broader transfusion medicine community is paramount for continued patient transfusion safety.
-
The immune system has a vital role in the development, establishment, and progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Immune evasion of cancer cells leads to progression of HNSCC. ⋯ This article provides an overview of the interaction between immune infiltrating cells in the tumor microenvironment, and the immunologic principles related to HNSCC. Current immunotherapeutic strategies and emerging results from ongoing clinical trials are presented.
-
Hematol. Oncol. Clin. North Am. · Dec 2018
ReviewManagement and Treatment of Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.
Most women with advanced epithelial ovarian cancer will experience many episodes of recurrent disease with progressively shorter disease-free intervals. For women whose disease continues to respond to platinum-based drugs, the disease can often be controlled for 5 years or more. ⋯ A variety of combination strategies are being evaluated to leverage these agents. The role of secondary cytoreduction remains a topic of active investigation.
-
Early detection of ovarian cancer could reduce mortality by 10% to 30%. Effective screening requires high sensitivity (>75%) and extremely high specificity (99.7%). ⋯ Screening may be improved by combining CA125 with novel biomarkers, such as autoantibodies, circulating tumor DNA, or microRNAs. In order to detect premetastatic ovarian cancers originating in the distal fallopian tube, more sensitive approaches to diagnostic imaging are required.