Nutrition
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To assess the iodine status and knowledge and practices related to iodine nutrition of Australian women during pregnancy. ⋯ Public health strategies, including nutritional education and supplementation, are urgently required to improve the iodine status of pregnant women. Currently, no readily accessible information on iodine is available to women attending antenatal clinics in Australia.
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This study aimed at investigating whether treatment with oligopeptides from marine salmon skin (OMSS) could modulate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related hyperglycemia and β-cell apoptosis in rats induced by high fat diet and low doses of streptozotocin and its therapeutic mechanisms. ⋯ Treatment with OMSS significantly reduced FBG in diabetic rats. This antidiabetic activity may be mediated by down-regulating T2DM-related oxidative stress and inflammation, protecting the pancreatic β-cells from apoptosis.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of maternal protein and energy-restricted diets during lactation in folliculogenesis and its relations to androgen and estrogen receptors in the offspring at puberty. ⋯ Our results suggest that maternal protein- and energy-restricted diets during lactation can disturb the follicular development of the offspring, probably by reducing the number of androgen and estrogen receptors in the ovary.