Nutrition
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This study investigated the correlation between body mass index (BMI), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA)-derived specific body compositions, and the obesity paradox, with a focus on sex differences in non-smallcell lung cancer (NSCLC). ⋯ The obesity paradox exists among patients with NSCLC and is not influenced by specific body compositions. In addition, this paradox is notably more common in female patients.
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Intermittent fasting was associated with complications in patients with adrenal insufficiency (AI). The study aimed to evaluate the impact of therapeutic education and drug adjustment on Ramadan fasting outcomes in patients with secondary AI (SAI). ⋯ Therapeutic education enabled more patients with SAI to fast and reduced the frequency of complications during fasting. Registered on "clinical trials.gov," April 12, 2023, under the identifier ID: NCT05827965.
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To evaluate the reliability, construct, and criterion validity of the screening tool for childhood cancer (SCAN), stratified by age in oncology patients admitted to a tertiary referral hospital. ⋯ Our results show that SCAN is a reliable and valid tool for detecting malnutrition in oncology pediatric patients upon hospital admission.
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Radical resection combined with prophylactic hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (p-HIPEC) is a promising treatment for locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC), though factors influencing its long-term benefits remain unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of computed tomography (CT)-based body composition parameters on survival in patients undergoing this combination treatment, exploring nutritional factors affecting long-term survival and developing a prognostic model. ⋯ Body composition and tumor characteristics are independent predictors of overall survival in LAGC patients. Nomograms integrating these factors provide reliable prognostic predictions.
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Although water is essential for maintaining life and health, the association of water turnover (WT) with mortality is, to our knowledge, unknown. We aimed to 1) determine the annual mean and variance of WT and 2) evaluate the association between WT and mortality in all 47 prefectures in Japan. ⋯ Our findings indicate large regional and seasonal variations in WT in Japan and that the risk of excess death due to lower WT may be partially explained by physical activity.