Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the serum levels of prealbumin and sarcopenia in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. ⋯ Low prealbumin levels were associated with an increased risk for sarcopenia in older men with T2DM.
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Muscle is crucial for blood glucose regulation. There is a need to prevent and treat sarcopenia in diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of sarcopenia and evaluate the association of nutritional counseling with the development of sarcopenia for people with DM. ⋯ People with type 2 DM have a high risk of sarcopenia. Increased nutrition counseling in outpatients was associated with less sarcopenia. Education about sarcopenia-associated risk factors should be encouraged early in the onset of DM.
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Nutritional status significantly influences postoperative prognosis in gastrointestinal cancers. It has been evaluated using sarcopenia before treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy, despite constant changes in nutritional status. We consider that nutritional status at cancer recurrence is one of the important factors that affect treatment choice and intensity. This study evaluated the prognostic effects of improved postoperative nutritional status for people with colorectal cancer recurrence. ⋯ Among participants with preoperative sarcopenia, the prognosis at the time of recurrence improved for the sarcopenia-improvement group compared to the sarcopenia-continuation group. In people with colorectal cancer and sarcopenia, nutritional management is important not only before but also after surgery.
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There are several isomers of carotene, the main ones being alpha and beta carotene (i.e., α-carotene and β-carotene). The latter serves as a precursor for vitamin A, and is thus a well-studied carotenoid in health, food, and nutrition research. ⋯ A search on PubMed, Elsevier's sciencedirect.com, and Springer Nature's SpringerLink platforms reveals that there are potentially dozens, if not hundreds of cases or more of this false-positive carotene "isomer," which was supposed to represent β-carotene, but has, through a typographic error, represented a "new" and non-existent form of carotene, ß-carotene. This clearly represents erroneous literature that needs correction.
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Observational Study
Qualitative and quantitative muscle ultrasound changes in patients with COVID-19-related ARDS.
Severe forms of the novel coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) are associated with systemic inflammation and hypercatabolism. The aims of this study were to compare the time course of the size and quality of both rectus femoris and diaphragm muscles between critically ill, COVID-19 survivors and non-survivors and to explore the correlation between the change in muscles size and quality with the amount of nutritional support delivered and the cumulative fluid balance. ⋯ Early changes in muscle size and quality seem related to the outcome of critically ill COVID-19 patients, and to be influenced by nutritional and fluid management strategies.