Nutrition
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Review Meta Analysis
Melatonin supplementation and anthropometric indicators of obesity: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
According to in vivo and in vitro studies, melatonin appears to be a potential supplement for obesity reduction. The aim of this study was to review the literature on randomized clinical trials that evaluated the effects of melatonin supplementation on anthropometric indicators of obesity in humans. ⋯ The results demonstrated that melatonin supplementation was responsible for significantly reducing body weight. More studies are needed before melatonin can be recommended for weight loss.
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Observational epidemiologic studies have reported a relationship between selenium status and risk for autoimmune diseases. However, the associations are susceptible to confounding or reverse causality. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential causal associations of selenium concentrations with the risk for common autoimmune diseases using a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) design. ⋯ The present study suggested a protective role of selenium on the risk for systemic lupus erythematosus. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of Euterpe edulis Martius on inflammatory responses to high-intensity intermittent exercise: Crossover randomized trial.
High-intensity intermittent exercise (HIIE) may enhance the antiinflammatory status. The juçara fruit juice (JFJ) has well-established antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties. This study investigated the effect of JFJ consumption on the inflammatory response to HIIE in physically active subjects. ⋯ JFJ intake attenuated the antiinflammatory response to HIIE, possibly resulting from a lower degree of muscle stress.
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Dietary patterns are a useful tool to study the impact of overall maternal diet on human milk (HM) composition beyond single foods or nutrients. The present study aimed to identify dietary patterns among Chinese lactating women and assess their associations with HM macronutrient composition. ⋯ Maternal dietary patterns with high proportions of animal and plant-based foods were associated with higher fat and lower protein concentrations in colostrum. Different associations were found in mature milk. Dietary-pattern analysis provides an opportunity to characterize total diet and may be more predictive of HM composition than single foods or nutrients.
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This study aimed to investigate the performance of the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria for malnutrition assessment in people with esophageal cancer undergoing esophagectomy. ⋯ The GLIM criteria showed good performance in diagnosing and classifying malnutrition in people with esophageal cancer undergoing esophagectomy. The Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Nutritional Risk Screening 2002, and prognostic nutritional index could be appropriately used to implement the two-step approach to the GLIM criteria.