Nutrition
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Prevalence of malnutrition comparing NRS2002, MUST, and PG-SGA with the GLIM criteria in adults with cancer: A multi-center study.
This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002), Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), and Patient-generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) in light of the Global Leader Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in adult patients with cancer. ⋯ The NRS2002 was better correlated with the GLIM diagnostic criteria of malnutrition than the MUST. The PG-SGA was too sensitive to detect nutrition-related deteriorations, leading to a low positive predictive value in the malnutrition diagnosis. Thus, the GLIM criteria could be used to confirm the presence of malnutrition identified by the PG-SGA in adults with cancer.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Changes in miRNA expression with two weight-loss dietary strategies in a population with metabolic syndrome.
This study aimed to analyze the expression pattern of microRNAs (miRNAs) in white blood cells (WBC) in response to two different energy-restricted diets in patients with metabolic syndrome in the Metabolic Syndrome Reduction in Navarra-Spain (RESMENA) study. ⋯ Different dietary patterns induce specific changes in miRNA expression in WBC. The associations of specific miRNAs with biochemical and anthropometric parameters suggest that these miRNAs might be directly or indirectly involved in the effects of weight-loss diets with different foods and macronutrient composition, and participate in the regulation of metabolic diseases.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Eating habits, sleep, and a proxy for circadian disruption are correlated with dyslipidemia in overweight night workers.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between proxy for circadian disruption, eating habits, sleep characteristics, and dyslipidemic parameters. ⋯ Short duration of nighttime sleep and high social jetlag are risk factors for dyslipidemia, whereas the late type and the longer time interval between the last meal and sleep onset appear to be protective factors for dyslipidemia.
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The aim of this study was to examine whether paternal and maternal body mass indexes (BMIs) were independently associated with obestatin and visfatin levels in adult offspring. ⋯ Inverse associations of maternal and paternal BMIs with offspring obestatin concentrations in women could suggest a utility of this biomarker of energy regulation determined in early adulthood. Whether obestatin could be an indicator of protection against obesity-related disorders in the life course requires investigation in studies designed to test such hypothesis.
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This study aimed to examine the relationship between eating frequency (EF), meal frequency, and snacking frequency (SF), and the body weight status of postmenopausal women. We tested how meal frequency and SF were related with macronutrient intake, and how different definitions of snacking affected the study results. ⋯ Higher EF and self-reported SF, independently of the EI:estimated energy requirement, is associated with lower BMI values and EI in postmenopausal women. Snacking may improve the dietary fiber density of the diet. An objective definition of snacking needs to be used in nutritional studies.