Nutrition
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Osteoporosis is associated with genetic and environmental factors. The aim of this article was to determine how the polygenic risk scores (PRS) of genetic variants that affect osteoporosis and its related signaling interact with the lifestyle of middle-aged adults. ⋯ Carriers with high PRSBM increased susceptibility to osteoporosis, especially in low coffee and caffeine intake. The results can be applied to personalized nutrition for lowering the risk for osteoporosis.
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Review Meta Analysis
Effects of intermittent fasting diets on plasma concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Intermittent fasting (IF) and energy-restricted diets (ERDs) have emerged as dietary approaches to decrease inflammatory status; however, there are no consistent results regarding humans. To achieve a comprehensive conclusion, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized control trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effects of IF or ERDs on plasma concentrations of inflammatory biomarkers. We systematically searched online medical databases including Web of Sciences, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar up to June 2019. ⋯ However, IF and ERDs did not significantly reduced tumor necrosis factor-α (WMD: -0.158 pg/mL; P = 0.549, I2 = 98.3) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations (WMD: -0.541 pg/mL; P = 0.080, I2 = 94.7%). This meta-analysis demonstrated that IF regimens and ERDs may reduce CRP concentrations, particularly in overweight and obese individuals and through a considerable length of intervention (≥2 mo). However, neither dietary model affected the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α or interleukin-6.
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Serum albumin (sAlb) may be a strong predictor of longevity in the general population and in chronic kidney disease. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sAlb concentrations and mortality risk independent of kidney function. ⋯ Among a nationally representative U.S. cohort, a graded association was observed between lower sAlb concentrations and higher death risk, which was robust across varying levels of kidney function.
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Clinical Trial Observational Study
Cohort study to evaluate effect of vitamin D, magnesium, and vitamin B12 in combination on severe outcome progression in older patients with coronavirus (COVID-19).
The aim of this study was to determine clinical outcomes of older patients with coronavirus (COVID-19) who received a combination of vitamin D, magnesium, and vitamin B12 (DMB) compared with those who did not. We hypothesized that fewer patients administered this combination would require oxygen therapy, intensive care support, or a combination of both than those who did not. ⋯ A vitamin D / magnesium / vitamin B12 combination in older COVID-19 patients was associated with a significant reduction in the proportion of patients with clinical deterioration requiring oxygen support, intensive care support, or both. This study supports further larger randomized controlled trials to ascertain the full benefit of this combination in ameliorating the severity of COVID-19.
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Little is known about the interactions between hyperhomocysteinemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in individuals at risk for atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to assess the burden of atherosclerosis in patients with MetS and hyperhomocysteinemia. ⋯ Patients with MetS and smoking or hyperhomocysteinemia are at particularly high cardiovascular risk. Targeted atherosclerosis prevention should include identification and treatment of MetS, smoking, and hyperhomocysteinemia (including that due to unrecognized metabolic vitamin B12 deficiency).