Nutrition
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Children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have lower serum vitamin D and higher serotonin and interleukin (IL)-6 levels compared with healthy children. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vitamin D on core symptoms and serum levels of serotonin and IL-6 in these children. ⋯ These findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may improve ASD symptoms; however, more studies with longer duration are indispensable to confirm our results.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of Lactobacillus plantarum HT121 on serum lipid profile, gut microbiota, and liver transcriptome and metabolomics. ⋯ L. plantarum HT121 can improve serum lipid profiles in a high-fat diet-induced rat model, which may be attributed to alteration in gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism.
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Malnutrition in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) can develop rapidly without appropriate nutritional support and affect morbidity and mortality. Guidance to monitor and manage nutrition status is described within the literature; however, whether this is applied in clinical practice is unclear. ⋯ Guideline dissemination and raising awareness through educational campaigns are suggested approaches to improve health care professionals' knowledge and sensitivity to this important topic.
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The aim of this study was to identify which anthropometric measurement (body mass index [BMI], waist circumference [WC], or waist-to-height ratio [WHtR]) is a better predictor of type 2 diabetes and hypertension in the Chilean population. ⋯ WHtR was a better predictor of hypertension and diabetes than BMI and WC in Chile. The definition of cutoff points specific for the Chilean population could be implemented in future screening programs aiming to identify high-risk individuals.
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Intake of dietary fatty acid may play a major role in the prevention and management of lifestyle-related diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, the aim of this study was to find an association between ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acid ratio and T2DM. ⋯ From the study results, it is evident that ω-6 to ω-3 fatty acid ratios can serve as essential predictive biomarkers in the management of patients with T2DM. This would not only help in management but would also aid in prevention of increased T2DM incidence in India. These results potentiate the need to maintain an ideal balance of ω-6 to ω-3, as prevention is always better than cure.