Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in the quality of nutritional care among Austria, Switzerland, and Turkey. ⋯ The findings of this study indicated that significant differences exist in the prevalence, identification and treatment of malnutrition, and the fulfillment of structural quality indicators. Standards and guidelines need to be developed that can be used by all countries. The severity of the malnutrition situation in hospitals needs further attention in future management policies.
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Obese patients have an increased risk of developing acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which in turn predisposes to malnutrition. Obesity has been associated with improved survival in critically ill patients (obesity paradox), but this effect seems to disappear when adjusting for malnutrition. How obesity and malnutrition interplay to affect mortality in critically ill patients with AML has not been addressed and was the objective of this study. ⋯ Critically ill patients with AML have a high prevalence of malnutrition and obesity, which are sometimes associated. Malnutrition, but not obesity, was associated with hospital mortality.
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Multicenter Study
The Controlling Nutritional Status score as a functional prognostic marker in patients with acute stroke: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.
The aim of this study was to assess whether undernutrition on hospital admission, as evaluated by the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score, has an effect on the improvement in functional and cognitive activities of daily living (ADL) in adult patients with acute stroke. ⋯ Undernutrition as determined by the CONUT score on admission was an independent predictor of poor motor FIM gain in adult patients with acute stroke. It was not an independent predictor for poor cognitive FIM gain.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the uncertain effects of high saturated fatty acids (SFAs) or fructose intake on cholesterol and lipoproteins with an insight of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)- and cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36)-induced mechanisms. ⋯ High intakes of dietary SFAs and fructose might induce dysregulations in the cholesterol synthesis and blood lipoprotein levels via proposed nutrient-sensitive biomarkers PCSK9 and CD36 in liver and extrahepatic tissues involved in cholesterol homeostasis.
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The association between folate insufficiency and congenital neural tube defects has been extensively investigated since the 1990s. To reach an adequate intake of folic acid (FA), improving folate status through periconceptional supplementation with FA, promotion of the consumption of foods rich in natural folates, and appropriate use of fortified foods is recommended. The aim of the present study was to investigate the supplementation of FA in a sample of pregnant women referred to general practice services in Italy, with a focus on the quality of information received by fertile women. ⋯ The adherence of women to FA supplementation before pregnancy is still insufficient. The GP role in preconception care, and the promotion of FA supplementation, needs to be emphasized and further promoted.