Nutrition
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Complementary feeding refers to the practice of providing solid foods and liquids in addition to breast milk when a baby reaches 6 mo of age. This becomes necessary to meet a baby's nutritional needs because of the potential nutrient insufficiency of breast milk alone. This review serves as an effective means to comprehensively understand the intricate and evolving nature of complementary feeding practices, often influenced by cultural, regional, and parental factors, from a literature perspective that acknowledges the dynamic aspects of complementary feeding. ⋯ A total of 1205 eligible studies were retrieved from the three databases searched, with 17 articles finally reviewed for data extraction. Overall, there remains a gap between mothers' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding complementary feeding. Addressing these disparities within and between countries necessitates targeted interventions and educational programs to enhance mothers' understanding, align attitudes with guidelines, and promote healthier practices for the well-being of children.
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Reliable assessments of dietary intake is crucial when examining associations between dietary factors and different outcomes. Today, web-based instead of paper-based food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) are common. A web-based FFQ implies a different experience (including design differences, the possibility only to show relevant questions, and automatic checks for completeness) and may capture dietary intake differently. The aim of this study was to validate a well-used paper-based FFQ transferred to a web-based version against a 4-d dietary record. ⋯ Overall, the web-based FFQ performed well and is similar to the paper-based version. It can be a useful tool for dietary assessments.
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This study aimed to investigate the associations of macronutrient quantities and qualities with percentage total weight loss and percentage of fat-free mass loss relative to total weight loss in adults undergoing sleeve gastrectomy. ⋯ Adherence to a high-protein, high-fiber diet after sleeve gastrectomy may enhance surgical success by improving total weight loss and preventing excessive fat-free mass loss.
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Spinal cord injury (SCI) is associated with low muscle mass and adiposity, however, to our knowledge, few studies have monitored the trajectory of changes over time. This study aimed to evaluate the timing, rate, magnitude, and site-specific changes in body composition and related changes in diet after SCI. ⋯ Neurologic level and severity of SCI, but not changes in diet, were the main determinants of heterogeneous body composition changes.
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Multicenter Study
Myosteatosis predicts short-term mortality in patients with COVID-19: A multicenter analysis.
Body composition on computed tomography can predict prognosis in patients with COVID-19. The reported data are based on small retrospective studies. The aim of the present study was to analyze the prognostic relevance of skeletal muscle parameter derived from chest computed tomography for prediction of 30-d mortality in patients with COVID-19 in a multicenter setting. ⋯ Myosteatosis is strongly associated with 30-d mortality in patients COVID-19. Patients with COVID-19 with myosteatosis should be considered a risk group.