Nutrition
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The impact of obesity on ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) is still poorly understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of waist circumference (WC) and body mass index as predictors of cardiac remodeling in patients after an anterior MI. ⋯ Waist circumference, but not body mass index, is a predictor of ventricular remodeling after an anterior MI. Therefore, the WC of these patients should be measured in clinical practice.
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We examined the associations between eating behavior at baseline and changes in eating behaviors with weight change, and quantified the contribution of eating behavior and genetic effects on weight change. ⋯ These results suggest that an increase in external eating may predict adult weight gain in men and women. However, the relative contribution of eating behavior to weight change was very small, whereas the contribution of genetic effects on weight change was significant in women.
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To evaluate homocysteine and total cysteine levels in prepubertal children and to determine the association between these levels and obesity, increased waist circumference, glucose levels, and lipid profile alterations. ⋯ The association of abdominal obesity in prepuberty with levels of homocysteine and cysteine found in this study of a prepubertal population could be an early and independent predictor of cardiovascular risk.
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Comparative Study
Brain lipid composition in rabbits after total parenteral nutrition with two different lipid emulsions.
To study the changes occurring in brain lipid composition after the administration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN) by comparing two lipid emulsions, one with long-chain triacylglycerols (LCT) and the other with long-chain and medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT/LCT 50%/50%). ⋯ The lipid emulsions administered in TPN, especially those prepared exclusively with LCT, cause changes in the brain lipid polar fractions of young rabbits.
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The aim of the present research was to show the characteristics of body composition in a sample of elderly subjects with type 2 diabetes compared with healthy controls matched by age and body mass index (BMI) by bioelectrical impedance vector analysis. ⋯ Older patients with type 2 diabetes were characterized by peculiar anthropometric and bioelectrical patterns, which can be related to their smaller appendicular muscular area and lower extracellular/intracellular water ratio.