Journal of clinical anesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway insertion on intraocular pressure using balanced anesthesia with sevoflurane and remifentanil.
To study the effect of tracheal intubation or laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion on intraocular pressure (IOP) in strabismus patients undergoing balanced anesthesia with sevoflurane and remifentanil. ⋯ Remifentanil and sevoflurane are not associated with an increase in IOP response during tracheal intubation or LMA insertion above baseline in healthy patients undergoing ophthalmic surgery.
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To determine the hemodynamic effects of pneumoperitoneum and patient positioning during laparoscopic surgery of the lower abdomen. ⋯ The lithotomy position and subsequent pneumoperitoneum increased preload, probably as a result of blood shifting from the abdomen to the thorax by compression of splanchnic vessels caused by the pneumoperitoneum. Careful fluid management, maintaining low abdominal pressure, and use of the reverse Trendelenburg position are favored to prevent adverse hemodynamic effects in laparoscopic surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of a continuous glucose-insulin-potassium infusion versus intermittent bolus application of insulin on perioperative glucose control and hormone status in insulin-treated type 2 diabetics.
To compare the effect of two different perioperative insulin management regimes on patients undergoing either major surgery (vascular surgery) or minor surgery (vitrectomy). ⋯ Both regimens resulted in relatively stable and comparable blood glucose levels throughout the perioperative period of the minor and major surgeries without differences in metabolic control as measured by levels of lactate, cortisol, glycerol and free fatty acids. Simplicity would favor the intermittent regimen to manage insulin treated type 2 diabetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Dose response to nitric oxide in adult cardiac surgery patients.
To determine the dose responsiveness to nitric oxide in adult cardiac surgery patients, especially in those patients with pulmonary hypertension. ⋯ Treatment with nitric oxide was associated with significant reductions in PVR in all groups. Dosages higher than 10 ppm were not associated with greater reductions in pulmonary vascular tone. In view of the fact that nitric oxide-related toxicity is dose-related, doses greater than 10 ppm do not appear to be justified in this patient population.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Body warmer and upper extremities position affect the accuracy of cutaneous thermometers during anesthesia.
To evaluate whether axillary skin temperature can accurately reflect distal esophageal temperature. ⋯ At 0 degrees of arm adduction, or at 90 degrees using the upper body, forced-air surface warmer, axillary skin temperature accurately identified the core temperature in patients during general anesthesia.