Pediatric radiology
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Dual-energy thoracic CT provides two key insights into lung physiology, i.e. regional perfusion and ventilation, and has been actively investigated to find clinically relevant applications since the introduction of dual-source CT. This functional information provided by dual-energy thoracic CT is supplementary because high-resolution thoracic anatomy is entirely preserved on dual-energy thoracic CT. ⋯ In this respect, dual-energy CT imaging technique is at least dose-neutral, which is a critical requirement for paediatric imaging. In this review, imaging protocols, analysis methods, clinical applications and diagnostic pitfalls of dual-energy thoracic CT for evaluating lung perfusion and ventilation in children are described.
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Few published series are dedicated solely to CT-guided vertebral bone biopsy in children. ⋯ Percutaneous CT-guided vertebral bone biopsy can be performed safely in children with a high degree of diagnostic accuracy.
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Pediatric radiology · Mar 2013
Advanced large airway CT imaging in children: evolution from axial to 4-D assessment.
Continuing advances in multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) technology are revolutionizing the non-invasive evaluation of congenital and acquired large airway disorders in children. For example, the faster scanning time and increased anatomical coverage that are afforded by MDCT are especially beneficial to children. ⋯ These advances have enabled CT to become the primary non-invasive imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis, treatment planning, and follow-up evaluation of various large airway disorders in infants and children. It is thus essential for radiologists to be familiar with safe and effective techniques for performing MDCT and to be able to recognize the characteristic imaging appearances of large airway disorders affecting children.
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Pediatric radiology · Dec 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialEffect of headphones on sevoflurane requirement for MRI.
Acoustic noise may have adverse effects, even in patients under general anesthetic. ⋯ Noise-concealing headphones decrease inhalational anesthetic requirements and facilitate recovery. We recommend the routine use of headphones in children undergoing an MRI scan.
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Historically, the evaluation of the pediatric chest has been accomplished via CT and conventional radiography. Our objective is to discuss and illustrate the role of US as a non-ionizing radiation alternative in the evaluation of the pediatric chest. US is a valuable tool in the evaluation of the pediatric chest. It can be used as a first-line modality in the evaluation of superficial lumps and bumps of the chest wall, diaphragmatic motion, the thymus and pleural effusions, and it can play a valuable secondary role in evaluation of mediastinal masses and pulmonary parenchymal disease.