Der Schmerz
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[Electrical muscle stimulation in combination with heat for patients with chronic, nonspecific low back pain : A randomized, double-blind, stratified, placebo-controlled clinical trial].
Chronic non-specific low back pain (LBP) causes more disability than any other medical condition worldwide. Electrical muscle stimulation in combination with heat (EMS/H) for management of LBP has yet not been properly studied. Our hypothesis was that EMS/H provides better pain relief and improves subjective and objective data compared to standard treatment. ⋯ EMS/H is an effective and safe method for managing LBP. A clinically relevant and persisting pain reduction, a stable decrease in self-perceived disability, an improvement in both mood and affective characterization as well as sensory characterization of pain, muscle strength and endurance may have a significant impact on the management of LBP.
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Osteoporosis is a very common disease all over the world, in which a reduction in bone density can lead to an increased risk of fractures and a diminished physical height. Osteoporosis is also associated with acute and chronic pain, which especially occurs in the back and can significantly reduce the quality of life. To provide sufficient care for affected patients, it is essential to know the particularities of pain management in osteoporosis, such as pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment options. This article gives a comprehensive review of pain management in osteoporosis and also explains the underlying pathomechanisms, risk factors, and diagnostic procedures.
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Emerging adulthood between the ages of 18 and 25 are vulnerable years that offer many opportunities and simultaneously represent huge challenges for autonomy and identity development. Chronic pain in this vulnerable stage of life is associated with long-term negative consequences. So far, knowledge regarding the effectiveness of treatment offers for this patient group is scarce. ⋯ Multimodal inpatient pain treatment seems to be effective during emerging adulthood. Autonomy convictions seem to be an important starting point for therapeutic success and have a modulating importance in terms of positive changes in emotional impairment and quality of live. Therefore, this aspect should be considered when pain treatment offers are developed for this age group.
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The effect of two-point discrimination described in this case report indicates a cortical reorganization through electrical stimulation of receptive fields. The "intervention units" compared to the "baseline" show clear effects. The pain behavior in both "intervention units" showed a clear change in the phantom phenomena, which in both "wash out" phases moved back towards "baseline". Thus, electrical stimulation of receptive fields could be another therapy for the treatment of phantom pain, given the change in two-point discrimination.
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Optimal perioperative pain management after total knee arthroplasty is necessary to promote mobilization and achieve early rehabilitation. The aim of this study was to determine whether local infiltration anesthesia (LIA) is the better postoperative pain therapy compared to a femoral nerve block (FNB) or a sciatic nerve block (SNB) using routine data. ⋯ The pain reduction achieved by adding LIA or FNB in patients after total knee arthroplasty is relatively small. Comparison of techniques is hindered as there exists no widely accepted standard for performing LIAs yet.