Der Schmerz
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[Clinical study PEPCA : The effect of standardized preoperative patient education for patient-controlled regional analgesia on postoperative pain].
Patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) is a well-established form of postoperative pain management. One form of administration is patient-controlled regional analgesia (PCRA), where local anesthetics are administered via peripheral regional catheters; however, a prerequisite is that the patients are instructed on its use. A multitude of sources recommend that these instructions are given before surgery as preoperative training on pain management procedures has been shown to significantly reduce patients' postoperative pain and increase their well-being. ⋯ A significant reduction of pain in the IG could not be shown. Further studies concerning this topic with larger samples and adapted points in time are recommended.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[Electrical muscle stimulation in combination with heat for patients with chronic, nonspecific low back pain : A randomized, double-blind, stratified, placebo-controlled clinical trial].
Chronic non-specific low back pain (LBP) causes more disability than any other medical condition worldwide. Electrical muscle stimulation in combination with heat (EMS/H) for management of LBP has yet not been properly studied. Our hypothesis was that EMS/H provides better pain relief and improves subjective and objective data compared to standard treatment. ⋯ EMS/H is an effective and safe method for managing LBP. A clinically relevant and persisting pain reduction, a stable decrease in self-perceived disability, an improvement in both mood and affective characterization as well as sensory characterization of pain, muscle strength and endurance may have a significant impact on the management of LBP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[Effectiveness of a risk-tailored short intervention to prevent chronic low back pain : A cluster-randomized study in general practice].
A subgroup of patients with acute low back pain (LBP) will develop chronic LBP. Risk factors summarized as yellow flags are fear-avoidance beliefs, depression, catastrophizing, and work-related problems. ⋯ A risk-tailored short intervention to prevent chronic LBP in general practice had no significant impact on the clinical course compared to care as usual. A subgroup analysis comparing adherent and non-adherent patients suggests that it is possible to have a positive impact on patient-relevant outcomes.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[Neuromodulation using matrix stimulation : A treatment for acute pain?]
There is currently a lack of studies that evaluate the effects of matrix electrode neuromodulation on acute pain. In this prospective and randomized cross-over study, we investigated the efficacy of 4 Hz-matrix stimulation on venipuncture-induced pain in 30 healthy subjects. ⋯ The results of this study showed for the first time that pre-emptive matrix stimulation could be an effective way to reduce acute pain. The duration of stimulation seems to play a key role in the effectiveness of the neurophysiological mechanism of action. Matrix stimulation is a therapeutic intervention with very few side effects, which could, in the future, expand our pain-management options for the treatment of acute pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
[Botulinum toxin A injections in neuropathic pain : A post-hoc subgroup analysis of patients with peripheral nerve injury].
The randomized controlled trial (RCT) presented in this article showed significant relief in neuropathic pain following subcutaneous injections of botulinum toxin A over 24 weeks compared to placebo. This result was confirmed in a novel post-hoc analysis of the subgroup of 46 patients with peripheral nerve injury. Relevant adverse effects did not occur during the RCT.