Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Nov 2013
ReviewDisclosing incidental findings in brain research: the rights of minors in decision-making.
MRI is used routinely in research with children to generate new knowledge about brain development. The detection of unexpected brain abnormalities (incidental findings; IFs) in these studies presents unique challenges. While key issues surrounding incidence and significance, duty of care, and burden of disclosure have been addressed substantially for adults, less empirical data and normative analyses exist for minors who participate in minimal risk research. ⋯ However, we found little discussion about the involvement of minors in decisions about disclosure of IFs in the brain, especially for IFs of low clinical significance. In response, we propose a framework for managing IFs that integrates practical considerations with explicit appreciation of rights along the continuum of maturity. This capacity-adjusted framework emphasizes the importance of involving competent minors and respecting their right to make decisions about disclosure.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Nov 2013
Comparative StudyEffects of the use of multiple scanners and of scanner upgrade in longitudinal voxel-based morphometry studies.
To evaluate the effects of inter-scanner variability (bias) and of scanner upgrade on longitudinal changes in regional gray matter volume. ⋯ The results of our study indicate that, even with scanners of the exact same model, the use of different scanners at different time points significantly influences longitudinal morphometric results, and that scanner upgrade has effects comparable to those of using different scanners at different time points.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Nov 2013
Comparative StudyClinical application of controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in a higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA)-volumetric interpolated breathhold (VIBE) sequence for gadoxetic acid-enhanced liver MR imaging.
To determine whether a controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA) technique can improve the image quality of three-dimensional (3D), T1-weighted gradient echo (T1w-GRE) imaging compared with the use of a standard, parallel acquisition technique (PAT). ⋯ The CAIPIRINHA-VIBE was able to provide a higher spatial resolution, T1-weighted imaging with better image quality compared with a standard VIBE.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Nov 2013
Relationships between hypercarbic reactivity, cerebral blood flow, and arterial circulation times in patients with moyamoya disease.
To evaluate the correlation between angiographic measures of Moyamoya disease and tissue-level impairment from measurements of tissue perfusion and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR). ⋯ Correlative measures between angiography and hemodynamic methods suggest that BOLD and ASL could be used for expanding the diagnostic imaging infrastructure in Moyamoya patients and potentially tracking tissue response to revascularization.
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J Magn Reson Imaging · Nov 2013
Quantitative tractography and tract shape modeling in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
To investigate brain-wide white matter structural changes associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) using an automatic single seed point tractography-based segmentation method, probabilistic neighborhood tractography (PNT), which provides quantitative measures of both tract integrity and shape. ⋯ ALS, although particularly affecting CST, is associated with subtle changes in white matter tract integrity and shape in several other major fibers within the brain. Correlations between CST integrity and disease progression rate suggest that quantitative tractography may provide useful biomarkers of disease evolution in ALS.