Bratisl Med J
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The aim of the study is to examine the effect of Ambroxol on TNF-α and IL-1β released after liver ischemia-reperfusion injury. ⋯ It was determined that Ambroxol treatment suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β in rats undergoing hepatic ischemia reperfusion (Tab. 1, Fig. 2, Ref. 28).
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Post-operative behavioural disorders in paediatric anaesthesia caused by anaesthetics and sedatives.
Neurotoxicity of anaesthetics have become one of the most discussed problems in paediatric anaesthesiology. The experimental studies on animal models have shown that the anaesthetics used in general anaesthesia should have an influence on neurodegenerative processes, neuroapoptosis and irregulated death of the neuronal cells. Because of this fact, scientists are trying to discover the possibilities of how to minimize the adverse effects of anaesthesia and revise the other alternatives of prevention of anaesthesia-induced maladaptive behavioural disorders (Tab. 1, Fig. 1, Ref. 21). Keywords: neurotoxicity of anaesthetics, maladaptive behavioural disorders, mechanism of neurotoxicity, post-anaesthetic behavioural changes in children, future of paediatric anaesthesiology.
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Using neural stem cells (NSCs) in cell therapy and regenerative medicine is a growing knowledge. In this study, the protective role of carnosic acid and trehalose against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in autophagy induction and apoptosis inhibition in NSCs was investigated. ⋯ Due to the carnosic acid and trehalose unique properties and its low toxicity, it can be used as an agent in cellular transplantation for reducing oxidative stress and inducing autophagy (Fig. 4, Ref. 37).
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There are very few studies in the literature focusing on whether dexmedetomidine exerts a protective effect on colistin nephrotoxicity. Our study aims to investigate the nephroprotective effect of dexmedetomidine in an experimental model of nephrotoxicity in rats. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine significantly decreased the elevated levels of BUN, Creatinine, KIM-1, and Endothelin-1 induced by colistin. Dexmedetomidine, at both doses, histopathologically prevented apoptosis and reduced the number of necrotic cells in the kidneys. Dexmedetomidine provides renoprotective effects, therefore it is a valuable sedation agent for clinicians working in intensive care units (Tab. 2, Fig. 4, Ref. 19). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: rat, colistin, nephrotoxicity, dexmedetomidine.
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Ghrelin is a hormone that regulates the digestive system, as well as has immunomodulating effects. The aim of this study is to explain effects of ghrelin on inflammation and oxidative stress parameters in the stomach. ⋯ According to our findings, exogenous ghrelin intake was found to be highly effective in reducing inflammation in stomach tissue with type 2 diabetes (Tab. 1, Fig. 3, Ref. 33). Text in PDF www.elis.sk Keywords: ghrelin, rat, type 2 diabetes, stomach, inflammation.