Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2013
Influence of the anisotropic mechanical properties of the skull in low-intensity focused ultrasound towards neuromodulation of the brain.
Lately, neuromodulation of the brain is considered one of the promising applications of ultrasound technology in which low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) is used noninvasively to excite or inhibit neuronal activity. In LIFU, one of critical barriers in the propagation of ultrasound wave is the skull, which is known to be highly anisotropic mechanically: this affects the ultrasound focusing, thereby neuromodulation effects. ⋯ Our results show that though most of the pressure that reaches to the brain is due to the longitudinal wave propagation through the skull, the normal stress in the transverse direction of the wave propagation has the main role to control the pressure profile inside the brain more than the shear stress. The results also show that the anisotropic properties of skull contribute in broadening the focal zone in comparison to that of the isotropic skull.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2013
Control of rapid hypothermia induction by total liquid ventilation: preliminary results.
Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) consists in cooling the body temperature of a patient to between 32 and 34 °C. This technique helps to preserve tissues and neurological functions in multi-organ failure by preventing ischemic injury. Total liquid ventilation (TLV) ensures gas exchange in the lungs with a liquid, typically perfluorocarbon (PFC). ⋯ MTH could be reached safely in 3 minutes at the femoral artery, in 3.6 minutes at the esophagus, in 7.7 minutes at the eardrum and in 15 minutes at the rectum. All temperatures were stable at 33.5 ± 0.5 °C within 15 minutes. The present results reveal that ultra-fast MTH induction by TLV with Inolivent-5.0 is safe for the heart while maintaining esophageal and arterial temperature over 32.6 °C.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2013
Comparative StudyBiomechanical evaluation of the phases during simulated endotracheal intubation (ETI): pilot study on the effect of different laryngoscopes.
Endotracheal Intubation (ETI) is a common airway procedure used to connect the larynx and the lungs through a windpipe in patients under emergency situations. The process is carried out by a laryngoscope inserted into the mouth, used to help doctors in visualizing the glottis and inserting the tube. Currently, very few studies on objective evaluation of the biomechanics of the doctors during the procedure have been done. ⋯ In this paper, the authors present a preliminary study on a methodology to objectively evaluate and segment the biomechanical performance of doctors during the ETI, using surface electromyography and inertial measurement units. In particular, the validation has been performed by comparing three kinds of laryngoscopes involving an expert doctor. Finally, results are presented and commented.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2013
Multivariate temporal symptomatic characterization of cardiac arrest.
We model the temporal symptomatic characteristics of 171 cardiac arrest patients in Intensive Care Units. The temporal and feature dependencies in the data are illustrated using a mixture of matrix normal distributions. We found that the cardiac arrest temporal signature is best summarized with six hours data prior to cardiac arrest events, and its statistical descriptions are significantly different from the measurements taken in the past two days. This matrix normal model can classify these patterns better than logistic regressions with lagged features.
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Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2013
Effects of low amplitude pulsed radiofrequency stimulation with different waveform in rats for neuropathic pain.
Pulsed-radiofrequency (PRF) electrical stimulation has been widely used for chronic pain treatment. It has been demonstrated with advantages of low temperature over traditional continuous radiofrequency (CRF) lesions with higher amplitude and mono polar electrode to treat pain in clinics (frequency 500 KHz, Pulse duration 20 msec, Amplitude 45 V, Treatment 2 min). ⋯ Experimental results of Von Frey Score show that the sinusoidal group has higher responses than the square wave one. Both fast and secondary expressed proteins of c-fos and pp38 are measured from spinal cord tissue sectioning slides to characterize the pain associated inflammatory responses and their responses due to PRF stimulation.