Conference proceedings : ... Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual Conference
-
Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) contribute to the morbidity and mortality of intensive care patients worldwide, and have large associated human and financial costs. We identified a reference data set of 624 mechanically-ventilated patients in the MIMIC-II intensive care database with and without low PaO(2)/FiO(2) ratios (termed respiratory instability), and developed prediction algorithms for distinguishing these patients prior to the critical event. In the end, we had four rule sets using mean airway pressure, plateau pressure, total respiratory rate and oxygen saturation (SpO(2)), where the specificity/sensitivity rates were either 80%/60% or 90%/50%.
-
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Investigation of photoplethysmogram morphology for the detection of hypovolemic states.
Medics and first responders to emergencies are often faced with monitoring and assessing victims with very limited resources. Therefore, there is an inherent need for a real-time ambulatory monitoring capability that is portable and low power. This is particularly important for physiological monitoring of life-threatening conditions such as internal hemorrhaging. ⋯ In this paper, we compared the PPG morphology with pulse transit time (PTT), which has been investigated for clinical and ambulatory applications. The indicators were tested on data obtained from experiments using lower body negative pressure (LBNP) as a model to simulate hemorrhage in humans. The results of this study indicate that PPG morphology is associated with pulse pressure (systolic minus diastolic blood pressure) and is therefore a promising feature for detection and real-time tracking of hypovolemic states.
-
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Monitoring retroperitoneal bleeding model of piglets by electrical impedance tomography.
To investigate continuous monitoring capacity of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) for retroperitoneal bleeding, studies were carried out on six anesthetized piglet's bleeding model produced by injecting anticoagulated blood into renal region. For each subject, total blood of about 200 ml was injected within time periods ranging from tens of minutes to several hours. ⋯ EIT images were reconstructed by dynamic back-projection algorithm. The results showed that impedance changes caused by bleeding could be revealed by EIT images.
-
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Epidural insertion simulator of higher insertion resistance & drop rate after puncture.
Accidents such as dural puncture remain one of the problems of epidural anesthesia, and unskilled doctors can repeat such accidents. The purpose of the current research was to provide a new simulator for epidural insertion training. No reference data regarding the resistance force used when inserting a needle into patients have been reported. ⋯ The insertion resistances were 2.5 N/s for the porcine, 0.8 N/s for the conventional and 2.1 N/s for the new simulator. The drop rates were 5 N/s for the porcine, 0.6 N/s for the conventional and 24 N/s for the new simulator. The higher insertion resistance and drop rate for the new simulator than the conventional simulator will be suitable for epidural insertion training.
-
Conf Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc · Jan 2008
Predict the neurological recovery under hypothermia after cardiac arrest using C0 complexity measure of EEG signals.
Clinical trials have proven the efficacy of therapeutic hypothermia in improving the functional outcome after cardiac arrest (CA) compared with the normothermic controls. Experimental researches also demonstrated quantitative electroencephalogram (qEEG) analysis was associated with the long-term outcome of the therapeutic hypothermia in brain injury. Nevertheless, qEEG has not been able to provide a prediction earlier than 6h after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). ⋯ Significantly greater C0 complexity was found in hypothermic group than that in normothermic group as early as 4h after the ROSC (P0.05). C0 complexity at 4h correlated well with the 72h neurodeficit score (NDS) (Pearson's correlation = 0.882). The results showed that the C0 complexity could be an early predictor of the long-term neurological recovery from cardiac arrest.