NeuroImage. Clinical
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NeuroImage. Clinical · Jan 2018
Progressive brain rich-club network disruption from clinically isolated syndrome towards multiple sclerosis.
To investigate the rich-club organization in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and multiple sclerosis (MS), and to characterize its relationships with physical disabilities and cognitive impairments. ⋯ The rich-club organization was disrupted in MS patients and relatively preserved in CIS. The disrupted rich-club connectivity was correlated with cognitive impairment in MS. These findings suggest that impaired rich-club connectivity is an essential feature of progressive structural network disruption, heralding the development of clinical disability in MS.
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NeuroImage. Clinical · Jan 2018
Quantitative analysis of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in grading gliomas and detecting IDH-1 gene mutation status.
Neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) is a new diffusion MRI technique that has rarely been applied for glioma grading. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of NODDI in tumour parenchyma (TP) and peritumoural area (PT) for grading gliomas and detecting isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH-1) mutation status. ⋯ The quantitative NODDI metrics in the TP and PT regions are highly valuable for glioma grading. A multivariate logistic regression model using the patient age and the icvf values in TP and PT regions showed very high predictive power. However, the utility of NODDI metrics for detecting IDH-1 mutation status has not been fully explored, as a larger sample size may be necessary to uncover benefits.
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NeuroImage. Clinical · Jan 2018
White matter hyperintensities are linked to future cognitive decline in de novo Parkinson's disease patients.
White Matter Hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with cognitive decline in aging and Alzheimer's disease. However, the pathogenesis of cognitive decline in Parkinson's disease (PD) is not as clearly related to vascular causes, and therefore the role of WMHs as a marker of small-vessel disease (SVD) in PD is less clear. Currently, SVD in PD is assessed and treated independently of the disease. ⋯ PD subjects with high baseline WMH loads had significantly greater cognitive decline than i) PD subjects with low WMH load, and ii) control subjects with high WMH load. Furthermore, in PD subjects, high WMH load resulted in more cortical thinning in the right frontal lobe. Theses results show that the presence of WMHs in de novo PD patients predicts greater future cognitive decline and cortical atrophy than in normal aging.
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NeuroImage. Clinical · Jan 2018
Comparative StudyComparison of probabilistic tractography and tract-based spatial statistics for assessing optic radiation damage in patients with autoimmune inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system.
Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) can evaluate microstructural tissue damage in the optic radiation (OR) of patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), early relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Different post-processing techniques, e.g. tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) and probabilistic tractography, exist to quantify this damage. ⋯ All DTI post-processing techniques facilitated the detection of OR damage in patient groups with severe microstructural OR degradation. The comparison of distinct disease groups by use of different methods may lead to different - either false-positive or false-negative - results. Since different DTI post-processing approaches seem to provide complementary information on OR damage, application of distinct methods may depend on the relevant research question.
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NeuroImage. Clinical · Jan 2018
Meta AnalysisA meta-analytic study of experimental and chronic orofacial pain excluding headache disorders.
Chronic orofacial pain (COFP) disorders are prevalent and debilitating pain conditions affecting the head, neck and face areas. Neuroimaging studies have reported functional and grey matter abnormalities, but not all the studies have reported consistent findings. Identifying convergent abnormalities across COFPs provides a basis for future hypothesis-driven research aimed at elucidating common CNS mechanisms. ⋯ The functional COFP meta-analysis identified a consistent increase in brain activity in the left medial and posterior thalamus and lesser activity in the left posterior insula in COFP, compared to healthy controls. Overall, these findings provide evidence of brain abnormalities in pain-related regions, namely the thalamus and insula, across different COFP disorders. The convergence of thalamic abnormalities in both structure and function suggest a key role for this region in COFP pathophysiology.