Articles: hyperalgesia.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Differential changes in gingival somatosensory sensitivity after painful electrical tooth stimulation.
We aimed to evaluate the effect of painful tooth stimulation on gingival somatosensory sensitivity of healthy volunteers in a randomized, controlled design. Thirteen healthy volunteers (six women, seven men; 28.4 ± 5.0 years) were included for two experimental sessions of electrical tooth stimulation: painful tooth stimulation and tooth stimulation below the sensory threshold (control). Eight of the human subjects participated in a third session without tooth stimulation. ⋯ This suggests involvement of competing heterotopic facilitatory and inhibitory mechanisms. Furthermore, stimulation below the sensory threshold induced similar thermal sensitization suggesting the possibility of activation of axon-reflex-like mechanisms even at intensities below the perception threshold. These findings may have implications for interpretation of somatosensory results in patients with chronic intraoral pain.
-
Observational Study
Hyperalgesia induced by low-dose opioid treatment before orthopaedic surgery: An observational case-control study.
Chronic pain and opioid consumption may trigger diffuse hyperalgesia, but their relative contributions to pain vulnerability remain unclear. ⋯ Chronic pain patients treated with low doses of opioid had hyperalgesia before surgery. These results highlight the need to personalise the management of patients treated with opioids before surgery.
-
A role of the serotonin (5HT) transporter, a key regulator of serotonergic transmission, in the physiology, pharmacology and genetics of pain responses has been proposed recently. The present study aimed to explore the impact of constitutive differences in the activity of the serotonin transporter, and 5HT homeostasis in general, on the modulation on pain sensitivity and analgesic responses to drugs that utilize 5HT mechanisms. ⋯ These findings support the idea that functionality of the serotonin transporter is one of the physiological/genetic determinants of individual differences in pain responses and modulation. They also validate Wistar-Zagreb 5HT rats, with constitutionally up-regulated/down-regulated serotonin transporter, as a potential new genetic model for studying serotonergic modulation of pain responses.
-
Comparative Study
Hyperalgesia and increased sevoflurane minimum alveolar concentration induced by opioids in the rat: A randomised experimental study.
Perioperative opioids reduce inhalational anaesthetic requirements. The initial hypoalgesia may, however, be followed by a rebound hyperalgesia. ⋯ Opioid-induced hyperalgesia was associated with an increase in the MAC in normal rats who had not undergone surgery. Both effects lasted 21 days and were prevented by ketamine.
-
This study determined whether individuals with mild knee pain due to osteoarthritis (OA) experience hyperalgesia and central sensitivity by comparing them with age-matched and sex-matched control participants and determined whether these levels are associated with pain intensity. This study also determined whether these individuals experience significantly poorer quality of life than age-matched and sex-matched controls and whether pain and function predict quality of life. ⋯ Individuals with mild knee pain due to OA experience mechanical (but not thermal) hyperalgesia that relates to pain intensity. They have a reduced quality of life that is predicted by pain intensity. More aggressive pain management for mild knee OA pain is indicated to improve the quality of life for individuals who are not yet candidates for joint replacement.