Articles: covid-19.
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Review Meta Analysis
The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in Long COVID disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Recent studies confirm the involvement of activated immune-inflammatory responses and increased oxidative and nitrosative stress in Long COVID (LC) disease. However, the influence of these pathways on the metabolism of tryptophan (TRP) through the TRP catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway and their mediating effects on LC pathophysiology, has not been fully explored. ⋯ The current findings suggest that an activated TRYCAT pathway, characterized by decreased TRP levels and maybe elevated KYN levels, plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of LC.
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During the COVID-19 pandemic, neighbourhoods with high material deprivation and high proportions of racialized Canadians were disproportionately affected by COVID-19. Many of these neighbourhoods were served by community hospitals. We sought to compare the burden of COVID-19 care in community and academic intensive care units (ICUs) in Ontario, Canada. ⋯ During the pandemic, Ontario's large CHCs provided significantly more days of ICU COVID-19 care per baseline ICU bed compared with AHCs and small CHCs. Equipping large CHCs to handle ICU surges during future emerging disease outbreaks should be a priority for pandemic preparedness.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Dec 2024
Review Meta AnalysisThe effect of sample site and collection procedure on identification of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Sample collection is a key driver of accuracy in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Viral load may vary at different anatomical sampling sites and accuracy may be compromised by difficulties obtaining specimens and the expertise of the person taking the sample. It is important to optimise sampling accuracy within cost, safety and accessibility constraints. ⋯ When used with RT-PCR, there is no evidence for a difference in sensitivity of self-collected gargle or deep-throat saliva samples compared to nasopharyngeal samples collected by healthcare workers when used with RT-PCR. Use of these alternative, self-collected sample types has the potential to reduce cost and discomfort and improve the safety of sampling by reducing risk of transmission from aerosol spread which occurs as a result of coughing and gagging during the nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal sample collection procedure. This may, in turn, improve access to and uptake of testing. Other types of saliva, nasal, oral and oropharyngeal samples are, on average, less sensitive compared to healthcare worker-collected nasopharyngeal samples, and it is unlikely that sensitivities of this magnitude would be acceptable for confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 infection with RT-PCR. When used with Ag-RDTs, there is no evidence of a difference in sensitivity between nasal samples and healthcare worker-collected nasopharyngeal samples for detecting SARS-CoV-2. The implications of this for self-testing are unclear as evaluations did not report whether nasal samples were self-collected or collected by healthcare workers. Further research is needed in asymptomatic individuals, children and in Ag-RDTs, and to investigate the effect of operator expertise on accuracy. Quality assessment of the evidence base underpinning these conclusions was restricted by poor reporting. There is a need for further high-quality studies, adhering to reporting standards for test accuracy studies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[The effectiveness of Cytoflavin in the medical rehabilitation of elderly and senile patients].
Study the effectiveness of Cytoflavin in the medical rehabilitation of elderly and senile patients after pneumonia associated with a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) at the outpatient stage. ⋯ The standard course of Cytoflavin therapy in the medical rehabilitation of elderly and senile patients after pneumonia associated with COVID-19 significantly reduces the severity of cognitive impairment, fatigue and depressive disorders, improves indicators of the emotional and volitional sphere, increases exercise tolerance.
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Background and Objectives: Coinfection with SARS-CoV-2 and extrapulmonary tuberculosis (extraPTB) presents unique clinical challenges due to dual inflammatory responses and potential differences in patient profiles compared to those with SARS-CoV-2 infection alone. This study uniquely contributes to the underexplored interaction between extraPTB and SARS-CoV-2, focusing on systemic inflammation as a critical determinant of outcomes. Materials and Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 123 patients aged 19-91 years, hospitalized at Victor Babeș Hospital in Timișoara from March 2020 to March 2022. ⋯ Low SpO2 and elevated IL-6 were significant predictors of mortality, with severe symptoms tripling fatality odds. Conclusions: Coinfection with extraPTB and SARS-CoV-2 is associated with younger age, heightened systemic inflammation, and longer hospital stays but does not significantly increase mortality risk compared to SARS-CoV-2 alone. These findings underscore the importance of monitoring systemic inflammatory markers and developing tailored management strategies to improve long-term care outcomes for coinfected patients, especially in resource-limited settings.