Articles: respiratory-distress-syndrome.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Effect of glucocorticoids on extravascular lung water following extra-corporeal circulation].
The influence of 3 different, preoperatively given glucocorticoids (30 mg/kg bw methylprednisolone, 3 mg/kg bw dexamethasone, 30 mg/kg hydrocortisone) on extravascular lung water (EVLW) was investigated in a randomised study consisting of 60 patients undergoing elective aortocoronary bypass surgery and compared to a control group having received 0.9% NaCl as placebo. EVLW-measurements were performed by using the double indicator dilution technique with indocyanine green and a microprocessed lung water computer. Besides EVLW-measurements haemodynamics and various laboratory data were studied before as well as after (15 min, 45 min, 5 h) extracorporeal circulation (ECC). ⋯ Pulmonary gas exchange, too, did not differ statistically, in spite of a less pronounced (p = 0.1) deterioration of paO2 in the dexamethasone-group. Haemodynamics and laboratory data in the corticoid-group did not show any significant difference compared to the non-treated control group. It was concluded, that pretreatment with corticoids in pharmacological doses in cardiac surgery had no beneficial effects on extravascular lung water and pulmonary function.
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Comparative Study
Growth and development of preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
This study examines the growth and development of 37 preterm infants, 20 with respiratory distress syndrome and 17 with bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The groups were balanced by sex, parity, family configuration, and socioeconomic status and were studied at either 12 or 18 months after hospital discharge. Findings indicate that infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia are at greater risk for growth retardation in their second year than infants with respiratory distress syndrome. ⋯ In contrast, the group of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia performed in the low-average to delayed range. Moreover, regression analyses show that type of respiratory illness explains more of the variance in cognitive outcomes than such neonatal factors as birth weight or gestational age. Thus, this study demonstrates that infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia are at high risk for developmental problems in their second year, and that the contribution of bronchopulmonary dysplasia to explanations of differential cognitive outcomes cannot be reduced to between-group differences in perinatal status.
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Acta Radiol Diagn (Stockh) · Mar 1986
Videodensitometry and chest radiography in the evaluation of pulmonary blood flow and pulmonary oedema in a porcine model of early adult respiratory distress syndrome.
The adult respiratory distress syndrome was induced in pigs (n = 11) by a continuous infusion of E. coli endotoxin in order to evaluate the use of radiographic videodensitometry and chest radiography for assessment of pulmonary circulation and pulmonary oedema. A further aim was to determine the effect of an ionic contrast medium, Urografin 60%, on extravascular lung water (EVLW). The infusion resulted in a decline in arterial oxygen tension. ⋯ Pleural effusion developed in 4 animals. Injection of Urografin 60%, 1 ml X kg-1, caused a slight but significant decrease in EVLW. We propose that at this concentration and dosage the contrast medium acts mainly as an osmotic diuretic.