• Sugammadex anaphylaxis: all that glitters?

     
       

    Daniel Jolley.

    17 articles.

    Created October 11, 2018, last updated over 2 years ago.


    Collection: 91, Score: 1696, Trend score: 0, Read count: 2007, Articles count: 17, Created: 2018-10-11 23:36:19 UTC. Updated: 2022-01-27 02:30:49 UTC.

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    Sugammadex is pharmacologically great. A modified γ-cyclodextrin Selective Relaxant Binding Agent that reverses rocuronium muscle relaxation 10-times faster than neostigmine (see: Is sugammadex as good as we think?).

    At launch, its biggest obvious disadvantage was simply the new drug's high cost. Now as sugammadex has become more widely used, sugammadex-anaphylaxis has risen as a new, prominent concern.

    In Japan, where there was a uniquely rapid take-up of sugammadex, it became one of the commonest causes of anaphylaxis. Oriharia (2020) demonstrated an incidence of sugammadex anaphylaxis in Japan of 1 in 5,000 – a risk that most medically communities would consider too high for routine use of a drug with acceptable alternatives.

    Given that in some regions (notably Australia & New Zeleand) rocuronium itself has a high-risk of anaphylaxis, the combination of rocuronium-sugammadex may present a greater risk than even old-school drugs such as suxamethonium.

    In other countries, such as the United Kingdom, there has not been quite the same incidence of sugammadex-anaphylaxis. Is this simply because of the lower initial use than in Japan, or are there environmental and phenotypical differences as have been implicated for rocuronium anaphylaxis?

    Worryingly, if the Japanese experience is representative, then for some locations the combination of rocuronium-sugammadex may in fact have a higher risk of anaphylaxis than using suxamethonium alone.

    The true risk of sugammadex-anaphylaxis is still unclear for many populations. However with the looming expiry of the sugammadex patent in 2023, we will see a rapid increase in its use and subsequently reveal any latent anaphylaxis risk.

    Daniel Jolley  Daniel Jolley
     
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