Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Adherence to a healthy lifestyle including sleep and sedentary behaviors and risk of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in Chinese adults.
Various lifestyle factors including smoking, alcohol, physical activity, sedentary behavior, diet quality, sleep behavior, and overweight have been related to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD); however, their joint impact on risk of MASLD is not well known. We prospectively investigated the association between a combination of lifestyle factors and risk of MASLD. ⋯ Our results indicate that a higher healthy lifestyle score is associated with a lower risk of MASLD.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Changing eating to manage weight or shape: A cross-sectional and prospective study of the prevalence and correlates in a large Canadian adolescent cohort.
The present study examined reports of changing eating to manage weight/shape over one year among adolescents. It also tested how changing eating for weight/shape was associated with physical activity (resistance training, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; MVPA) and mental health (depressive symptoms, flourishing), and whether weight perceptions moderated these associations. ⋯ Reports of changing eating to manage weight/shape were associated with divergent health outcomes; research into how and to what extreme adolescents are changing eating to manage weight/shape, and identity factors that may contribute to these differences, is warranted.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Long COVID among US adults from a population-based study: Association with vaccination, cigarette smoking, and the modifying effect of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Post-COVID Conditions (or Long COVID) have been widely reported, but population-based studies exploring the relationship between its risk factors are lacking. We examined the associations between Long COVID, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease [COPD], vaccination status, and cigarette smoking. We also tested for the modifying effect of COPD status. ⋯ Our findings underscore a complex interaction between COPD, cigarette smoking, and Long COVID. Further, COVID-19 vaccination may be protective against Long COVID.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Review Meta AnalysisHow may we effectively motivate people to reduce the consumption of meat? Results of a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.
Excessive meat consumption (MC) is associated with multiple health risks. Additionally, it can undermine environmental sustainability and affect the potential improvement of animal welfare. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of literacy interventions (LIs) in reducing MC. ⋯ Informing about health risks related to MC temporarily decreased its intake, while informing about the impact on environmental sustainability or animal welfare was ineffective. Furthermore, long-lasting LIs achieve long-term dietary change toward MC.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Association between walking pace and risks of major chronic diseases in individuals with hypertension based on a prospective study in UK Biobank: Involvement of inflammation.
Walking pace is associated with risks of major chronic diseases including cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) in the general population. However, whether increasing walking pace could reduce risks of major chronic diseases in individuals with hypertension remains to be explored, and the underlying mechanism potentially mediated by low-grade inflammation is also unclear. ⋯ Brisk walking pace was linked to reduced risks of major chronic diseases in individuals with hypertension, partially mediated by low-grade inflammation. Improving walking pace may be beneficial for health in individuals with hypertension.