Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Observational StudyFactors associated with out-of-school physical activity among Chinese children and adolescents: A stratified cross-sectional study.
This observational study examined the factors associated with the physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents outside of school within the framework of Problem Behavior Theory (PBT). ⋯ Our findings suggest that the personality system, particularly intrinsic motivation, is important in promoting out-of-school PA in children and adolescents. For children, modifiable health behaviors in the behavior system can similarly influence PA.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Neighbourhood walkability and greenspace and their associations with health-related fitness in urban dwelling Canadian adults.
Muscular strength and body composition are important components of health-related fitness (HRF). Grip strength and body fat percent, in particular, are associated with chronic disease and affected by health behaviours. Evidence suggests relationships between the neighbourhood built environment (BE) and HRF exist, however, few studies have focused on grip strength and body fat percent. Therefore, our study aimed to estimate the sex-specific associations between the neighbourhood BE, grip strength, and body fat percent among urban-dwelling Canadian adults. ⋯ Characteristics of the neighbourhood BE appear to be associated with muscular strength and body composition, independent of physical activity and sedentary behaviour.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Loneliness and regular sports participation among people of Turkish and Moroccan origin and native Dutch people in the Netherlands. A longitudinal study.
Sports participation is lower in people of Turkish and Moroccan origin in the Netherlands than in native Dutch people. Addressing this inequality calls for better insights into antecedents of sports participation in different ethnic groups. Theorists suggested that loneliness may hamper sports participation, and levels of loneliness are high among people of Turkish and Moroccan origin. This study assessed the longitudinal association between loneliness and regular sports participation among Turkish origin, Moroccan origin and native Dutch people. ⋯ The demonstrated positive longitudinal association between loneliness and regular sports participation in people of Turkish and Moroccan origin potentially opens new ways to encourage physical activity in these groups. An integrated approach to addressing loneliness and physical inactivity among people with a non-western migration background may benefit the realization of both goals.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Non-tobacco nicotine E-cigarette use and flavored E-cigarette use among young adults in the United States.
E-cigarette flavors can create sensations of sweetness and coolness while masking the aversiveness of nicotine. Recently, non-tobacco nicotine (NTN) products were introduced to the market, but little is known about flavors in NTN e-cigarette use. We examined associations between flavors (i.e., sweet, mint/menthol) and susceptibility to and use of NTN e-cigarettes. ⋯ The use of sweet and mint/menthol flavors was significantly associated with NTN e-cigarette use among US young adults, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance of flavored NTN e-cigarettes and appropriate regulations to discourage use.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2024
Utilizing social determinants of health to identify most vulnerable neighborhoods-Latent class analysis and GIS map.
Public Health officials are often challenged to effectively allocate limited resources. Social determinants of health (SDOH) may cluster in areas to cause unique profiles related to various adverse life events. The authors use the framework of unintended teen pregnancies to illustrate how to identify the most vulnerable neighborhoods. ⋯ What is already known on this topic Public health practitioners struggle to develop interventions that are universally effective. The teen birth rates vary tremendously by race and ethnicity. Unplanned teen pregnancy rates are related to multiple social determinants and behaviors. Latent class analysis has been applied successfully to address public health problems. What this study adds While it is the pregnancy that is not planned rather than the birth, access to pregnancy intention data is not available resulting in a dependency on teen birth data for developing public health strategies. Using teen birth rates to identify at-risk neighborhoods will not directly represent the teens at risk for pregnancy but rather those who delivered a live birth. Since teen birth rates often fluctuate due to small numbers, especially for small neighborhoods, LCA may avoid some of the limitations associated with direct rate comparisons. The authors illustrate how practitioners can use publicly available SDOH from the Census Bureau to identify distinct SDOH profiles for teen births at the census tract level. How this study might affect research, practice or policy These profiles of classes that are at heightened risk potentially can be used to tailor intervention plans for reducing unintended teen pregnancy. The approach may be adapted to other programs and other states to prioritize the allocation of limited resources.