Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Socioeconomic inequalities in deaths of despair: Age heterogeneity in Canada's working age population.
Although prior literature documented socioeconomic inequalities in deaths of despair among working age population, it is unclear whether and how (a) the link between socioeconomic status and deaths of despair differs by age (b) each measure of socioeconomic status has independent effects on deaths of despair. This study aims to reduce these knowledge gaps. ⋯ Socioeconomic inequalities in deaths of despair are manifest among Canadian working age population. This study lends support the social and health policies aimed at reducing gaps in mortalities.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Daily time spent on screens and psychological well-being: Cross-sectional association within the SUN cohort.
The impact of various lifestyles on psychological well-being (PWB) remains under-studied. We aimed to explore the cross-sectional association between daily screen use (television, tablet and mobile phone) and PWB within the SUN cohort. ⋯ These findings highlight the importance of reducing screen use activities and increasing physical exercise for achieving optimal PWB.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Time to first report of signs of nicotine dependence among youth who use e-cigarettes and cigarettes in the United States: A nationally representative cohort study, findings from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health, 2013-2019.
To determine the time to first report of signs of nicotine dependence among youth exclusive e-cigarette users and compare this time to that for exclusive cigarette users. ⋯ Compared to exclusive P30D cigarette use, no differences in the time to first report of signs of nicotine dependence ("use within 30 minutes" and "cravings") were observed among exclusive P30D e-cigarette users. Policymakers and regulatory agencies should consider this evidence when assessing the abuse liability of e-cigarette products.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
Association between number of Adverse Childhood Experiences and depression among older adults is moderated by race.
This study aimed to assess the association between number of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE) and history of depression among older adults and to explore the interaction by race. ⋯ The association between number of ACEs and depression was strongest for older adults who identify as Hispanic, but weaker and less consistent for adults who identify as White and Black.
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Preventive medicine · Apr 2024
How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected the delivery of preventive healthcare? An interrupted time series analysis of adults in English primary care from 2018 to 2022.
Offering advice and support for smoking, obesity, excess alcohol, and physical inactivity is an evidence-based component of primary care. The objective was to quantify the impact of the pandemic on the rate of advice or referral for these four risk factors. ⋯ Advice and support for smoking, and advice for weight, excess alcohol and physical inactivity have not returned to pre-pandemic levels. Clinicians and policy makers should prioritise preventive care in COVID-19 recovery plans.