Preventive medicine
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Parents play a critical role in their children's lifestyle habits. The objective was to assess the effect of parenting style on the risk of childhood obesity, and to determine whether poverty was a moderator of the association. ⋯ Parenting style is associated with childhood obesity, but may be moderated by poverty. Successful strategies to combat childhood obesity should reflect the independent and interactive associations of sociodemographic and social-familial influences on health especially in early childhood.
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Preventive medicine · May 2015
Association of influenza vaccine uptake with health, access to health care, and medical mistreatment among adults from low-income neighborhoods in New Haven, CT: a classification tree analysis.
The aim of this study is to identify population subgroups under-vaccinated for influenza through classification tree analysis to inform interventions aimed at improving future vaccine uptake. ⋯ Results highlight the need for renewed attention to promoting the influenza vaccination recommendation for all adults, particularly among healthy adults, uninsured, high-risk adults and insured, high-risk adults who have experienced medical mistreatment. Further research is needed to better understand how to reach these population subgroups.
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Preventive medicine · May 2015
Comparative StudyContrasts in active transport behaviour across four countries: how do they translate into public health benefits?
Countries and regions vary substantially in transport related physical activity that people gain from walking and cycling and in how this varies by age and gender. This study aims to quantify the population health impacts of differences between four settings. ⋯ Differences between high income countries in how people travel have important implications for population health.
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Preventive medicine · May 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialRisk factors for e-cigarette, conventional cigarette, and dual use in German adolescents: a cohort study.
Little is known about risk factors that are associated with e-cigarette use in adolescents. ⋯ Data indicate that e-cigarette and conventional cigarette use share many but not all risk factors. E-cigarettes could counteract the process of denormalization of smoking.
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Preventive medicine · May 2015
Comparative StudyA comparison of three policy approaches for tobacco retailer reduction.
The Institute of Medicine recommends that public health agencies restrict the number and regulate the location of tobacco retailers as a means of reducing tobacco use. However, the best policy strategy for tobacco retailer reduction is unknown. ⋯ The implementation of policies restricting tobacco sales in pharmacies, near schools, and/or in close proximity to another tobacco retailer would substantially reduce the number and density of tobacco retail outlets.