Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Sep 2014
Physical activity mediates the relationship between perceived crime safety and obesity.
The current cross-sectional study tests whether low perceived crime safety is associated with body mass index (BMI) and obesity risk and whether less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) accounts for part of this relationship. ⋯ In this neighborhood, with relatively low perceived safety from crime, residents' low perceived safety is related to more obesity and higher BMI; lower MVPA among residents explained part of this relationship. If residents are to become more active in their neighborhood it may be important to address perceived crime safety as part of broader efforts to enhance active living.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2014
Comparative StudyUsing appropriate body mass index cut points for overweight and obesity among Asian Americans.
Asian Americans have low prevalence of overweight/obesity based on standard BMI cut points yet have higher rates of diabetes. We examined the prevalence of overweight/obesity, using lower BMI cut points recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) for Asians, and diabetes in Asian American subgroups in California. ⋯ Filipinos should be a priority population for overweight/obesity screening. Filipinos, Vietnamese, Korean, South Asians and Japanese have higher diabetes prevalence at lower BMI cut points. WHO Asian BMI cut points may have clinical utility to identify at-risk Asian Americans.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2014
Comparative StudyDeterminants of use of smoking cessation aids in 27 European countries.
To identify determinants of use of smoking cessation aids among current and former smokers in the European Union (EU). ⋯ These findings underscore the need for enhanced and sustained efforts to ensure increased access to cessation services and aids as part of a comprehensive tobacco control programme.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2014
Active smoking, environmental tobacco smoke and bronchitic symptoms among adolescents in Taiwan: a prospective cohort study.
The study investigates the association between active smoking, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) and the development of bronchitis and bronchitic symptoms among adolescents. ⋯ This study demonstrates that active smoking and exposure to ETS are associated with higher risks for developing bronchitic symptoms among adolescents.
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Preventive medicine · Aug 2014
Tobacco control environment in the United States and individual consumer characteristics in relation to continued smoking: differential responses among menthol smokers?
We used a consumer panel augmented with state-specific measures of tobacco control activities to examine the main effects and interactions among consumer behaviors, particularly menthol cigarette smoking, and tobacco control environment on cessation over a six-year period. ⋯ While there were no interactions between menthol use and effects of tobacco control activities, we did find additional support for the decreased cessation rates among menthol cigarette smokers, particularly in the African American population.