Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialInvolving community stakeholders to increase park use and physical activity.
The aim of this study is to describe implementation of a randomized controlled trial of community-based participatory research (CBPR) approaches to increase park use and physical activity across 33 diverse neighborhoods in Los Angeles. ⋯ Scaling up CBPR methods across diverse communities involved tradeoffs. CBPR is useful for tailoring research and enhancing community impact and sustainability, but more work is needed to understand how to conduct multi-site trials across diverse settings using CBPR.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
A repeated cross-sectional study examining the school impact on child weight status.
The aim of this study is to examine whether there is a differential impact of primary schools upon children's weight status. ⋯ The inconsistency of the rankings and the small variation in BMI-SDS at the level of the school suggests that there is no systematic differential impact of primary schools upon pupil weight status.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Socioeconomic inequalities in premature mortality in Colombia, 1998-2007: the double burden of non-communicable diseases and injuries.
Non-communicable diseases have become the leading cause of death in middle-income countries, but mortality from injuries and infections remains high. We examined the contribution of specific causes to disparities in adult premature mortality (ages 25-64) by educational level from 1998 to 2007 in Colombia. ⋯ Injuries and non-communicable diseases contribute considerably to disparities in premature mortality in Colombia. Multi-sector policies to reduce both interpersonal violence and non-communicable disease risk factors are required to curb mortality disparities.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Human papillomavirus vaccine acceptability among parents of adolescent girls: obstacles and challenges in Mysore, India.
Worldwide, 530,000 women are diagnosed with cervical cancer and 275,000 die annually. India bears the greatest burden of the disease with 132,000 cases and 74,000 deaths yearly. Widespread uptake of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine could reduce incidence and mortality by two-thirds. This study explored obstacles and facilitators of parental acceptability of HPV vaccine. ⋯ Future promotion of vaccine should emphasize safety of immunization and involve promotion to the extended family, so that they actively recommend immunization of young adolescent girls.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Assessing the short term health impact of the Great Recession in the European Union: a cross-country panel analysis.
There are great concerns and some initial country-specific, descriptive evidence about potential adverse health consequences of the recent Great Recession. ⋯ An increase in the unemployment rate during the Great Recession has had a beneficial health effect on average across EU countries, except for suicide mortality. Social protection expenditures appear to help countries "smooth" the health response to a recession, limiting health damage but also forgoing potential health gains that could otherwise result.