Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Spinning the wheels and rolling the dice: life-cycle risks and benefits of bicycle commuting in the U.S.
To assess the net impact on U.S. longevity of the decision to commute by bicycle rather than automobile. ⋯ The lifetime health benefits of bicycle commuting appear to outweigh the risks in the U.S., but individuals who sufficiently discount or disbelieve the health benefits may delay or avoid bicycling. Bicycling in middle age avoids much fatality risk while capturing health benefits. Significant cross-state variations in bicycling mortality suggest that improvements in the built environment might spur changes in transit mode.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Review Meta AnalysisTelehealth interventions for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To assess the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in adult patients in community settings. ⋯ There is insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness of telehealth interventions in reducing overall CVD risk. More studies are needed that consistently measure overall CVD risk, directly compare different telehealth interventions, and determine cost effectiveness of telehealth interventions for prevention of CVD.
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Preventive medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialA randomized comparative effectiveness study of Healthy Directions 2--a multiple risk behavior intervention for primary care.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the Healthy Directions 2 (HD2) intervention in the primary care setting. ⋯ Self-guided and coached intervention conditions had equivalent levels of effect in reducing multiple chronic disease risk factors, were relatively low cost, and thus are potentially useful for routine implementation in similar health settings.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2014
Comparative StudyRace, regionality and pre-diabetes in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study.
To determine the association between race, region and pre-diabetes. ⋯ The prevalence of pre-diabetes was higher for both blacks and whites living in the Stroke Belt relative to living outside the Stroke Belt, and the prevalence of pre-diabetes was higher for blacks independent of region.
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Preventive medicine · Jun 2014
Comparative StudyThe association between demographic and behavioral characteristics and sunburn among U.S. adults - National Health Interview Survey, 2010.
To examine the association between demographic and behavioral characteristics and sunburn among U.S. adults. ⋯ Sunburn is common, particularly among younger adults, those with a more sun-sensitive skin type, whites, those with a family history of melanoma, the highly physically active, and indoor tanners. Efforts are needed to facilitate sun-safety during outdoor recreation, improve the consistency of sun protection practices, and prevent sunburn, particularly among these subgroups.