Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2013
Patient-reported recall of smoking cessation interventions from a health professional.
To determine the prevalence and characteristics of current cigarette smokers who report receiving health care provider interventions ('5A's': ask, advise, assess, assist, arrange) for smoking cessation. ⋯ Many current smokers report receiving health care provider interventions for smoking cessation. Continued efforts to educate, encourage, and support all health professionals to provide effective, comprehensive tobacco cessation interventions to their patients may be beneficial.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2013
Elementary school practices and children's objectively measured physical activity during school.
To examine the relation of physical activity practices covering physical education (PE), recess, and classroom time in elementary schools to children's objectively measured physical activity during school. ⋯ The presence of multiple school physical activity practices doubled children's physical activity during school.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2013
Who uses new walking and cycling infrastructure and how? Longitudinal results from the UK iConnect study.
To examine how adults use new local walking and cycling routes, and what characteristics predict use. ⋯ The new infrastructure was well-used by local adults, and this was sustained over two years. Thus far, however, the infrastructure may primarily have attracted existing walkers and cyclists, and may have catered more to the socio-economically advantaged. This may limit its impacts on population health and health equity.
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Preventive medicine · Nov 2013
Quantifying the contribution of neighborhood parks to physical activity.
To quantify the contribution of U.S. neighborhood parks to the time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) by the local population. ⋯ Parks have significant roles in supporting vigorous physical activity of the local population. Because they are underutilized and vigorous activity is critical to child development and adult physical fitness, efforts should be made to promote vigorous activity within local parks.
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Preventive medicine · Oct 2013
ReviewPopulation-level interventions to reduce alcohol-related harm: an overview of systematic reviews.
To analyse available review-level evidence on the effectiveness of population-level interventions in non-clinical settings to reduce alcohol consumption or related health or social harm. ⋯ There is a pattern of support from the evidence base for regulatory or statutory enforcement interventions over local non-regulatory approaches targeting specific population groups.