Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2013
Breast screening and health issues among rural females in Malaysia: how much do they know and practice?
This study investigated rural women's knowledge of breast cancer and screening methods by ethnicity and examined the predictors of breast screening methods. ⋯ Knowledge of breast cancer and its screening uptake varies by ethnicity, location and the type of support received. Efforts and approaches to improve the women's knowledge of breast cancer and its screening uptake therefore should be customized to address the different influencing factors.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2013
The projected effect of increasing physical activity on reducing the prevalence of common mental disorders among Canadian men and women: a national population-based community study.
Little quantitative research has been conducted on the effect of physical activity (PA) modification on the prevalence of mental disorders in a nationally representative sample. We aimed to provide quantitative evidence regarding the potential effectiveness of PA in the management of mental disorders. ⋯ Clinicians and public health campaigns targeting individual patients and general populations can improve patients' symptoms and prevent a significant proportion of future mental disorders by increasing the amount of PA.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2013
Observational StudyRisk factors for infection/colonization caused by resistant Gram negative bacilli in critically ill patients (an observational study of 1633 critically ill patients).
The objective of this study is to identify risk factors associated with multi-resistant Gram negative (RGNB) infection and colonization among critically ill patients. ⋯ The major risk factors identified for RGNB infection and colonization in the ICU were mainly patient dependent. However, broad spectrum initial antibiotic treatment remains an important independent modifiable risk factor. Interventions aimed at reducing initial broad spectrum antibiotics are clearly needed to help control the spread of these difficult to treat infections.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2013
Changes to cervical cancer prevention guidelines: effects on screening among U.S. women ages 15-29.
A shift toward later initiation of cervical cancer screening for women began in 2002. We generated national estimates of screening prevalence rates and guideline-consistent screening among U.S. women ages 15-29 before and after the first evidence-based recommendations for reduced cervical cancer screening. ⋯ Fewer adolescents were being screened before sexual initiation, representing newer guidelines. However, sexually-active young adult women also should have later screening initiation. Factors related to health care access contribute to receipt of screening. Monitoring and provider education are needed to improve guideline-consistent screening, as newer guidelines call for less screening.
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Preventive medicine · Jan 2013
Behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, cognitive impairment and caregiver burden in patients with dementia.
This study aims to determine the relationships between behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), cognitive impairment and burden of care of patients with dementia. ⋯ Patients' BPSD and male gender, but not cognitive impairment, were associated with CB. Even though CB was experienced more among caregivers with better education, all caregivers should be screened to ensure their general well-being.