Preventive medicine
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2007
The prevalence and clustering of four major lifestyle risk factors in an English adult population.
The aim of this study was to examine the clustering of four major lifestyle risk factors (smoking, heavy drinking, lack of fruit and vegetables consumption, and lack of physical activity), and to examine the variation across different socio-demographic groups in the English adult population. ⋯ The clustering of multiple risk factors provides support for multiple-behavior interventions as opposed to single-behavior interventions.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialA cluster randomized controlled trial of school-based prevention of tobacco, alcohol and drug use: the EU-Dap design and study population.
The empirical evidence of effectiveness of many school-based programs against substance abuse is rather weak. The EU-Dap study is a multicenter cluster randomized community trial (CRCT) designed to evaluate such a program. This paper presents study design and baseline characteristics of the study population. ⋯ EU-Dap is the first European multicenter randomized study to evaluate the effectiveness of a school program targeting tobacco, alcohol and drug use. The baseline assessment showed high prevalence and wide geographical variations of substance use.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEvaluating a community-based walking intervention for hypertensive older people in Taiwan: a randomized controlled trial.
To study the effect of a community-based walking intervention on blood pressure among older people. ⋯ Among hypertensive older people, a six-month community-based walking intervention was effective in increasing their exercise self-efficacy and reducing systolic blood pressure.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2007
Modifiable lifestyle behaviors and functional health in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC)-Norfolk population study.
To examine the association between modifiable lifestyle behaviors and functional health. ⋯ Modifiable behavioral factors are associated with substantial differences in the observed age-related decline in physical functional health and the prevalence of those in good and poor functional health in the community.
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Preventive medicine · Feb 2007
Health-related behaviours as predictors of mortality and morbidity in Australian Aborigines.
To examine predictors of coronary heart disease (CHD) and all-cause mortality in Aboriginal Australians. ⋯ Lifestyle in Aboriginal Australians predicts coronary heart disease and all-cause mortality. Clustering of adverse behaviours is common and increases risk of coronary heart disease and death.